蜡质对大麦缺失突变体MB-1-5抗旱性影响及蜡质基因初步定位

发布时间：2018-02-28 09:27

本文关键词： 大麦蜡质抗旱性鉴定指标 SSR 基因定位　出处：《甘肃农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：干旱是影响作物生产的主要因素之一,作物的抗旱机理十分复杂,受多基因控制,而角质层蜡质在作物抗旱过程中发挥了重要作用,但目前与蜡质相关的一些基因及其功能仍未知。本试验选用EMS诱变获得的大麦蜡质缺失突变体MB-1-5,以甘啤6号为对照,通过鉴定表型及测定相关抗旱性指标探究蜡质对植株抗旱性的影响。其次,利用甘啤6号和大麦蜡质缺失突变体构建F2分离群体,利用SSR标记方法对蜡质基因进行初步定位,寻找与目标基因连锁的标记。主要研究结果如下:1.通过表型观察发现甘啤6号叶鞘与稃壳表面被一层厚厚的白粉状蜡质包裹,形成致密的蜡质层,而蜡质缺失突变体MB-1-5的表面仍呈现亮绿色;二者在叶片上无明显区别。2.干旱胁迫下,甘啤6号与突变体MB-1-5的叶绿素含量均显著低于正常灌水,丙二醛、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量均显著高于正常灌水。且干旱胁迫任一时期内甘啤6号的叶绿素、可溶性糖及脯氨酸含量均显著高于突变体,而丙二醛含量均显著低于突变体。3.利用甘啤6号和蜡质缺失突变体构建了F2分离群体,筛选SSR多态性标记,初步构建大麦遗传图谱,寻找与蜡质基因连锁的标记。1)通过亲本共筛选了53个SSR多态性标记,初步构建大麦遗传图谱。该图谱共覆盖大麦基因组1721.65 cM,标记间平均距离为32.48 cM,每条染色体标记数为3-13个之间。2)大麦染色体1-7H上共发现8个与蜡质基因相关位点,分别位于2、4、5、6和7H。其中在5H有一个位点位于标记EBmac0096和Bmag0387之间,且与标记EBmac0096的遗传距离为14.10 cM。
[Abstract]:Drought is one of the main factors affecting crop production. The drought-resistant mechanism of crops is very complex and controlled by many genes, while horniness plays an important role in the drought resistance of crops. However, some waxy related genes and their functions are still unknown. In this study, a waxy deletion mutant MB-1-5 was obtained by EMS mutation, and Gan Beer 6 was used as control. The effects of waxy on drought resistance of plants were investigated by identifying the epitype and determining the relative drought resistance indexes. Secondly, F2 isolates were constructed by using Gan Beer 6 and Barley waxy deficiency mutants, and the waxy genes were preliminarily located by SSR markers. The main results are as follows: 1.Through phenotypic observation, it was found that the surface of Gan Beer 6 leaf sheath and Palea shell was covered with a thick layer of white powdery wax, forming a dense waxy layer. However, the surface of waxy deficiency mutant MB-1-5 was still bright green, and there was no significant difference between them in leaves. Under drought stress, the chlorophyll content of Gan Beer 6 and mutant MB-1-5 was significantly lower than that of normal irrigation, and malondialdehyde (MDA). The contents of soluble sugar and proline were significantly higher than those of normal irrigation, and the contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar and proline of Gan Beer 6 were significantly higher than those of mutant in any period of drought stress. The content of malondialdehyde was significantly lower than that of mutant .3.The F _ 2 segregation population was constructed by using Gan Beer 6 and waxy deletion mutants, SSR polymorphism markers were screened, and genetic map of barley was preliminarily constructed. A total of 53 SSR polymorphic markers were screened by their parents. A genetic map of barley was constructed. The genetic map covers the genome of barley at 1721.65 cm, the average distance between markers is 32.48 cm, and the number of markers per chromosome is 3-13. 2) eight sites associated with waxy genes were found on chromosome 1-7H of barley. One of the 5H loci was located between the marker EBmac0096 and Bmag0387, and the genetic distance with the marker EBmac0096 was 14.10 cm.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S512.3

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