牦牛皮肤中调控毛色基因表达定量和黑色素细胞组织学分析

发布时间：2018-03-17 00:33

本文选题：牦牛　切入点：毛色基因　出处：《华北农学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：旨在通过分子水平和组织学水平阐明牦牛不同被毛颜色的机理。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测皮肤组织中决定色素形成通路中的主效基因:鼠灰色基因(Agouti signaling protein gene(ASIP),Agouti)、小眼畸形相关转录因子(Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor,MITF)、黑色素皮质素受体1基因(Melanocortin 1 receptor,MC1R)和酪氨酸酶基因(Tyrosinasegene,TYR)表达量。结果表明:MC1R表达量在黑色毛色高于白色毛色;MITF表达量在黑色毛色与白色毛色中差异明显;ASIP表达量在白色毛色和黑色毛色中差异不显著;TYR表达量在天祝纯白被毛中表达量是大通纯黑被毛的2.87倍,这与有色被毛高表达的结果相反,TYR的表达量对牦牛黑色素的合成影响有待深入研究。采用石蜡切片制作方法,用HE和甲苯胺蓝染色。通过显微镜观察发现牦牛毛囊是由毛鞘、毛乳头和毛球外面周围的结缔组织形成的。在天祝白牦牛的表皮和毛囊周围发现分布着大量的黑色素细胞,同时发现有少量的黑色素颗粒存在。大通牦牛的毛囊和表皮黑色素细胞中均发现有黑色素的存在。黑色被毛毛囊中与毛发相连毛乳头附近的黑色素含量比毛囊周围其他部位含量高。大通牦牛的毛囊群比天祝牦牛毛囊群密集,毛囊的直径比天祝长,毛发较粗。大通牦牛毛囊周围黑色素细胞比天祝白牦牛密集,细胞核大,而且更为明显。
[Abstract]:Aimed at the molecular level and tissue level of yak in different coat color mechanism. Using the real-time quantitative PCR detection of skin tissue determined pigment formation main gene pathway in rats: gray (Agouti signaling protein gene gene (ASIP), Agouti), microphthalmia associated transcription factor (Microphthalmia-associated transcription, factor, MITF) melanin, the melanocortin receptor 1 gene (Melanocortin 1 receptor, MC1R) and tyrosinase gene expression (Tyrosinasegene, TYR). The results showed that the expression of MC1R in the black coat color than white coat color; the expression of MITF in the black coat color with white hair color difference is obvious; the expression of ASIP in the white coat color and black coat color in the difference was not significant; the expression of TYR in Tianzhu white coat expression is Datong black were 2.87 times the hair, and the results of the colored by Mao Gaobiao on the contrary, the expression of TYR To investigate the effects on the synthesis of yak melanin. Method of making paraffin section, stained with HE and toluidine blue. The microscope found that yak hair follicle is composed of a hair sheath formed around the dermal papilla and hair ball outside connective tissue. It was found that the distribution of a large number of melanocytes in the epidermis and around Tianzhu White Yak the hair follicle, also found a small amount of melanin granules. The presence of melanin were found in hair follicles and epidermal melanocytes of Datong yak. Black hairs and hair follicles. The melanin content of dermal papilla near hair follicles than other parts around the high content. Datong yak hair follicle group than Tianzhu yak hair follicle group dense hair follicle diameter to length ratio, thick hair. Datong yak around the hair follicle melanocytes than Tianzhu White Yak intensive, large nuclei, and more obvious.

【作者单位】：甘肃农业大学动物科学与技术学院;中国农业科学院兰州畜牧兽药研究所甘肃省牦牛繁育重点实验室;
【基金】：科技部科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD13B05) 现代农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系(CARS-38)
【分类号】：S823.85

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