基于线粒体COI基因的泰国近海有毒水母遗传多样性研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 07:18

本文选题：立方水母　切入点：钵水母　出处：《海洋科学进展》2017年04期

【摘要】：利用编码线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I(COI)的基因片段序列,对泰国近海有毒水母69个样本进行遗传多样性研究,并探讨该片段作为DNA条形码对泰国近海有毒水母类进行快速分类鉴定的可行性,以期为后续有毒水母的监测和预警、生物学和生态学等的研究提供技术支撑。基因碱基组成分析表明,立方水母COI序列GC含量为42.1%,明显高于钵水母(37.1%)和水螅水母(36.9%)。COI基因编码氨基酸的密码子第3位点GC含量(30.2%)显著低于第1,2位点(分别为47.4%,42.1%),且该位点碱基替换频率最高,转换/颠换比值为1.0,表明该位点碱基突变趋于饱和;但去除密码子第3位点,对系统进化树的构建无显著影响。根据COI序列计算3个纲水母的K2P(Kimura 2-parameter)遗传距离,得出种内遗传差异为0.000~0.151,均值为0.036,同纲种间遗传差异为0.167~0.321,均值为0.263,纲间遗传差异为0.246~0.385,均值为0.334。该COI基因片段能够快速有效区分这些有毒水母种类。研究表明,泰国沿岸水母多样性较高,所获69个样品可以分为13个种,包括5种钵水母、6种立方水母和2种水螅水母,其中Carukiidae科存在新属新种。立方水母的地理分布具有明显的区域特征,马来半岛东西两岸存在物种和遗传多样性差异,其产生原因还有待于进一步研究。
[Abstract]:The genetic diversity of 69 samples of toxic jellyfish from the coastal waters of Thailand was studied by using the gene fragment sequence encoding mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase ICOI. The feasibility of rapid classification and identification of toxic jellyfish in the coastal waters of Thailand by using this fragment as DNA bar code was discussed in order to monitor and warn the toxic jellyfish in the future. Studies on biology and ecology provide technical support. Analysis of gene base composition shows that, The GC content of the COI sequence of the cubic jellyfish was 42.1, which was significantly higher than that of the jellyfish (37.1) and that of the codon 3 of the codon of the codon (36.9%) was significantly lower than that of the second locus (47.4%, 42.1%, respectively), and the highest base substitution frequency was found in this locus. The conversion / transversion ratio was 1.0, which indicated that the base mutation of the locus tended to be saturated, but the removal of the third site of codon had no significant effect on the construction of phylogenetic tree. The genetic distance of K2P(Kimura 2-parameter of three class jellyfish was calculated according to the COI sequence. The results showed that the intraspecific genetic difference was 0.151, the mean value was 0.036, the genetic difference between the same species was 0.167, the average was 0.263, the genetic difference between the classes was 0.246 and 0.385, and the mean was 0.334.The COI gene fragment could quickly and effectively distinguish these poisonous jellyfish species. The diversity of jellyfish in the coast of Thailand is relatively high, 69 samples can be divided into 13 species, including 5 species of Artemisia, 6 species of cubic jellyfish and 2 species of Hydra jellyfish, among which there are new genera and new species in Carukiidae family. The geographical distribution of cubic jellyfish has obvious regional characteristics. There are species and genetic diversity differences between the east and west sides of the Malay Peninsula, the causes of which need to be further studied.
【作者单位】：国家海洋局第一海洋研究所;海洋生态环境科学与工程国家海洋局重点实验室;Phuket
【基金】：中国-东盟海上合作基金项目——濒危海洋物种合作研究国家自然科学青年基金项目——我国海水甲壳类中寄生性甲藻(Hematodinium)的种群遗传结构及其分子系统分类地位的研究(41206162)
【分类号】：Q953

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