葡萄ACO和ETR基因家族的时空表达特性分析

发布时间：2018-04-19 08:17

本文选题：葡萄果梗 + 果实　；参考：《河南农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：葡萄是世界上重要的经济树种之一。在我国鲜食葡萄占80%以上。葡萄的贮藏期短,在贮藏与运销过程中易发生脱粒、腐烂、干梗、褐变等现象。研究表明,葡萄果粒属于呼吸非跃变型而果梗属于呼吸跃变型。葡萄在乙烯产生较多的品种中脱粒比较严重,乙烯是造成脱粒等采后生理变化的重要原因之一。ACO是高等植物乙烯合成过程中的一个关键酶,ETR是乙烯信号传导过程中的受体蛋白。本研究通过分析汤姆逊无核(易脱落品种)和红宝石无核(不易脱落品种)两个品种在果实发育及采后过程中果粒和果梗的乙烯释放量,不同ACO及ETR成员的时空表达,来预测ACO及ETR基因在葡萄果实及果梗生长发育及衰老过程中的作用,为提高葡萄果实贮藏品质,延长贮藏时间奠定理论基础。对果实和果梗的乙烯释放速率测定发现,红宝石无核和汤姆逊无核的果实在发育初期和转色期存在乙烯释放高,果梗乙烯释放速率高于果实,而且汤姆逊无核果梗在成熟时存在乙烯合成高峰;两个品种葡萄果梗可以由乙烯利诱导产生乙烯,而果实则对乙烯利诱导没有反应。ACO基因家族在红宝石无核和汤姆逊无核葡萄中的表达存在时间和空间的特异性。ACO和ETR基因家族的大多数成员基因的表达水平与乙烯释放速率的变化不相关。在汤姆逊无核和红宝石无核葡萄中Vv ACO1基因在果实中的转录水平与乙烯相一致,由此推测VvACO1基因在葡萄果实发育过程中的起到重要的作用。许多研究都表明ETR基因家族对乙烯的调控模式为负调控,本实验中VvERS2基因在汤姆逊无核和红宝石无核葡萄果实和果梗中的表达与乙烯合成呈负相关,由此推测VvERS2基因参与葡萄果实的发育并起到重要的作用。在用乙烯利处理和贮藏期ACO和ETR基因家族的表达与乙烯合成不一致,推测ACO和ETR基因家族在采后受到其他因素的影响。
[Abstract]:Grape is one of the most important economic tree species in the world.Fresh grapevine accounts for more than 80% in China.Grape storage period is short, and it is easy to threshing, rotting, stem stem and browning in the course of storage and marketing.The results showed that grape fruit grains belonged to respiratory non-cataclysmic type and peduncle to respiratory jump type.Grape threshing is more serious in varieties with more ethylene production. Ethylene is one of the important reasons for physiological changes after harvest. ACO is a key enzyme in ethylene synthesis in higher plants. ETR is a receptor protein in ethylene signal transduction process.In this study, the ethylene production of fruit grains and peduncle during fruit development and postharvest process of Thomson seedless (easy to shed) and ruby seedless (not easy to shed) were analyzed, and the spatiotemporal expression of different ACO and ETR members were analyzed.To predict the role of ACO and ETR genes in the growth, development and senescence of grape fruit and peduncle, and to lay a theoretical foundation for improving the storage quality and prolonging the storage time of grape fruit.The ethylene release rates of ruby and Thomson seedless fruits were measured. The ethylene release rate of ruby seedless and Thomson seedless fruits was higher than that of fruit.In addition, Thomson seedless pedicel had a peak ethylene synthesis at maturity, and two grape stalks could produce ethylene by ethephon.The expression of ACO gene family in ruby seedless grape and Thomson seedless grape is time-and spatially specific. ACO and ETR gene family members of the gene family gene expression level and BThere is no correlation between the release rate and the release rate.In Thomson seedless and ruby seedless grapes, the transcription level of VV ACO1 gene in fruit is consistent with that of ethylene, which suggests that VvACO1 gene plays an important role in grape fruit development.Many studies have shown that the regulation of ethylene by ETR gene family is negative. In this experiment, the expression of VvERS2 gene in Thomson seedless and ruby seedless grape fruits and pedicels was negatively correlated with ethylene synthesis.It is inferred that VvERS2 gene is involved in the development of grape fruit and plays an important role.The expression of ACO and ETR gene families was inconsistent with ethylene synthesis during ethephon treatment and storage. It was speculated that the ACO and ETR gene families were affected by other factors after harvest.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S663.1

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