转基因食品消费者认知、态度和购买相关影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 04:21

本文选题：转基因食品 + 知情权　；参考：《安徽医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的通过对合肥市消费者转基因技术和转基因食品的认知调查,了解消费者转基因食品的购买情况并分析其影响因素,结合对国外转基因食品监管和消费者知情权保护的比较研究,为构建我国转基因食品监管体系和消费者知情权保障提供实证依据和完善策略建议。方法以合肥市大型超市流动的消费者为调查对象,采用分层抽样和方便随机抽样相结合的方法,对调查对象进行自编问卷调查,内容包括一般情况、基因相关知识、转基因食品认知、转基因食品购买意愿等。采用Epi Data3.0建立数据库,采用双重录入并进行逻辑核对,应用SPSS16.0软件进行数据处理和统计分析。计量资料采用t检验,多组间比较采用方差分析;计数资料比较采用卡方检验,检验水准为α=0.05;多因素的独立作用采用非条件Logistic回归分析。结果本研究共调查消费者2700人,经筛选获得有效问卷2461份,有效率为91.15%。其中男性1259人(51.16%),女性1202人(48.84%)。年龄段主要分布在21—60岁,有2031人(86.35%);城郊居民居多,有1483人(60.26%);文化程度以大专及以上学历为主,有1784人(72.49%);家庭月收入主要集中在2001—4000元和4001—8000元两个分段,分别为765人(31.08%)和718人(29.18%)。2256人回答了10道基因相关知识的题目,但只有9.43%的人全部答对。总体而言,基因相关知识得分上,高年龄组低于低年龄组,21~30岁组最高,51~60岁最低;城镇居民得分高于农村;文化程度越高得分越高。单因素分析发现基因相关知识得分与性别、年龄、居住地、文化程度有统计学意义(P0.05)。以此为基础进行Logistic回归分析,得出年龄和文化程度为主要影响因素。本研究表明,调查对象中听说过转基因食品的占94.15%,但对转基因食品持支持态度的仅为16.54%。调查对象的转基因信息主要来源于网路(66.70%)、电视(56.40%)和报刊杂志(33.89%)。单因素分析显示:性别、年龄、居住地、文化程度对转基因食品认知的差异有统计学意义(P0.05),Logistic回归分析显示:文化程度越高转基因食品的认知度越高,城镇认知度高于农村。转基因食品的安全性、营养价值和价格是影调查对象购买转基因食品的主要因素,81.31%的被调查者认为转基因食品需要加贴醒目标识,单因素分析发现购买意愿与年龄、文化水平、收入水平和接受度有统计学意义(P0.05),Logistic回归分析显示:调查对象中文化程度和收入水平与转基因食品购买意愿成负相关;而转基因食品接受度越高,购买意愿相应增加。单因素分析发现:年龄、居住地、文化成度、收入水平、转基因食品加贴醒目标识有统计学差异(P0.05)。此外,转基因食品购买情况与基因相关知识得分的分析显示:经常购买组的均分低于其他各组,且均有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论本次调查的消费者年龄结构相对集中,对基因相关知识的认知度较高于其他学者在其他地区调查所得的结果,消费者对转基因食品信息来源的渠道较单一,客观专业的转基因技术和转基因食品的科普宣传和报道是保障知情权的前提。消费者在转基因食品安全的不确定性风险和自身健康利益之间,通过选择远离转基因食品予以规避,侧面反映出标签制度的重要性,推行和强化转基因食品原料成份的统一详细阈值标识,不仅不会失去其固有消费群体,反而会因其信息的公开透明赢得潜在消费者。通过借鉴国外的监管策略,尽快形成统一可行的转基因成分检测方法和检测标准,强化转基因食品标签制度管理,构建适合我国国情的转基因食品法律制度与监管体系,切实保障消费者转基因食品安全权益。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the purchase of genetically modified foods and analyze the influencing factors of genetically modified food in Hefei, and to analyze the influence factors of GM food and the protection of the right to know of consumers in foreign countries. The obstacle provides empirical basis and perfect strategy suggestion. Method taking the mobile consumers in Hefei supermarket as the investigation object, using the method of stratified sampling and convenient random sampling, the questionnaire survey is conducted on the subject, including general situation, gene related knowledge, genetically modified food cognition, and the purchase intention of genetically modified food. And so on. Using Epi Data3.0 to establish the database, using double entry and logical checking, using SPSS16.0 software to carry out data processing and statistical analysis. The measurement data are used t test, multiple groups are compared with variance analysis; counting data are compared with chi square test, the test level is alpha =0.05; the independent effect of multiple factors adopts the non conditional Logistic. Results a total of 2700 consumers were investigated and 2461 effective questionnaires were selected. The effective rate was 91.15%. of 1259 men (51.16%) and 1202 women (48.84%). The age group was mainly 21 to 60 years old, 2031 (86.35%), suburb residents, 1483 (60.26%), college or higher education, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178, 178 4 people (72.49%); family monthly income was mainly concentrated in 2001 - 4000 yuan and 4001 - 8000 yuan, two subsections, 765 (31.08%) and 718 (29.18%).2256 people answered the topic of 10 gene related knowledge, but only 9.43% people all answered. Overall, the score of gene related knowledge was lower than the low age group and the highest in the 21~30 year group. 51~60 is the lowest; the score of urban residents is higher than that in the countryside; the higher the level of culture is, the higher the score is. The single factor analysis found that the score of gene related knowledge is statistically significant (P0.05) with sex, age, residence and educational level. Based on the Logistic regression analysis, age and educational level are the main factors. The respondents said that 94.15% of the genetically modified foods were said, but the information of transgenic food supported by 16.54%. was mainly from the Internet (66.70%), television (56.40%) and newspapers and magazines (33.89%). Single factor analysis showed that gender, age, residence, and educational level have statistical differences on the cognition of genetically modified foods. Study significance (P0.05), Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the cultural degree, the higher the recognition of genetically modified foods, the more urban recognition is higher than that in the rural areas. The safety, value and price of genetically modified foods are the main factors for the purchase of genetically modified foods, and 81.31% of the respondents believe that genetically modified foods need to be labeled with an eye - catching label. The factor analysis found that the purchase intention was statistically significant (P0.05) with age, cultural level, income level and acceptance, and Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of education and income were negatively related to the purchase intention of GM food, while the higher the acceptance of GM food and the increase of purchase intention. There were statistically significant differences in age, residence, cultural degree, income level, and the labeling of genetically modified foods (P0.05). In addition, the analysis of the purchase of genetically modified food and the score of gene related knowledge showed that the average score of the regular purchase group was lower than that of the other groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion the age structure of the consumer in this survey was relative to the present survey. Concentration, the recognition of gene related knowledge is higher than that of other scholars in other areas. Consumers have a single source of information on genetically modified food. The publicity and reporting of genetically modified foods and genetically modified foods are the premise of ensuring the right to know. The safety of consumers in genetically modified foods is inaccurate. Between the qualitative risk and the health benefits, by choosing away from the genetically modified food, the importance of the label system is reflected in the side, and the unified and detailed threshold identification of the ingredients of the genetically modified food will not lose its intrinsic consumption group, but will win the potential consumer because of the transparency and transparency of its information. We should learn from foreign regulatory strategies to form a unified and feasible method for detecting genetically modified ingredients and testing standards as soon as possible, strengthen the management of the label system of genetically modified foods, and build a legal system and regulatory system of genetically modified foods suitable for the national conditions of our country, so as to effectively protect the rights and interests of consumers' genetically modified food.

【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F713.55

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