微藻油脂合成与调控的生化及基因工程研究进展

发布时间：2018-04-28 15:02

本文选题：微藻 + 油脂合成　；参考：《分子植物育种》2017年07期

【摘要】：微藻可作为一种新型的生物柴油原料。对微藻油脂积累和代谢调控的了解有助于利用微藻生产生物柴油。本研究综述了生化工程及基因工程对微藻油脂合成与调控的研究进展,包括营养控制、光照、温度等对微藻油脂积累的影响;脂肪酸、三酰甘油合成过程中一些关键酶基因及转录因子的遗传操作在微藻油脂合成和积累过程中的作用等。氮营养缺乏是生化工程中最有效的提高微藻含油量的方法;参与脂肪酸、三酰甘油合成过程中的关键酶,如乙酰辅酶A羧化酶、甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶、二脂酰甘油酰基转移酶一些关键酶基因及转录因子Dof4、bHLH的遗传操作都能大幅提高微藻油脂含量。对微藻油脂代谢的研究前景做了进一步的展望。
[Abstract]:Microalgae can be used as a new biodiesel feedstock. Knowledge of microalgae oil accumulation and metabolic regulation is helpful for the production of biodiesel from microalgae. This paper reviewed the progress of biochemical engineering and genetic engineering on the synthesis and regulation of microalgae oil, including the effects of nutrition control, light and temperature on the accumulation of microalgae oil, fatty acids, fatty acids, fatty acids, fatty acids, fatty acids, fatty acids, fatty acids, fatty acids, fatty acids, The role of some key enzyme genes and transcription factors in the synthesis and accumulation of microalgae oil in the process of triacylglycerol synthesis. Nitrogen deficiency is the most effective way to increase the oil content of microalgae in biochemical engineering; the key enzymes involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, triacylglycerol, such as acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, The genetic manipulation of some key enzyme genes and transcription factor Dof4bHLH of diacylglyceryl transferase can significantly increase the oil content of microalgae. The prospect of microalgae lipid metabolism is also discussed.
【作者单位】：河南师范大学生命科学学院;中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31570365;21306222)资助
【分类号】：Q943.2

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