甘蓝型油菜粒重候选基因筛选及转录组分析

发布时间：2018-05-06 22:23

本文选题：甘蓝型油菜 + 粒重　；参考：《中国农业科学院》2016年博士后论文

【摘要】：油菜(Brassica napus)是世界范围广泛种植的第三大油料作物,也是我国最重要的油料作物之一。粒重(SW),单株角果数(SPP)和每角果粒数(SPS)是单个植株产量的三个重要的基本组成部分。其中粒重是最稳定的组成因子,是油料作物产量的最直接的性状。因此,在油料作物育种中,了解粒重的遗传决定因素对产量的提高具有重要意义。本研究利用新一代测序技术,分别从粒重关联候选区域和差异基因表达分析两个方面进行阐述,快速筛选出千粒重相关候选基因,揭示了候选基因可能参与影响粒重大小的调控机理,取得的主要研究结果与结论如下：1、SLAF-seq技术对样品进行分析共获得24.18M reads数据,共开发112,292个SLAF标签,多态性SLAF标签共有7,536个,多态性比例达到6.71%。2、过滤掉测序深度5x以下的标签,选取一种基因型来源于父本(G101),另一种基因型来源于母本(G102)的多态性SLAF标签,共1,933个SLAF标记被筛选进行后续关联分析。3、SNP_index法,Euclidean distance法及取两者交集进行关联分析,共获得4个与性状显著相关的SLAF标签,位于ChrA09上。关联区域大小约为0.58Mb,其中有91个基因,在碱基25,401,885-25,985,931之问。4、关联区域内的91个基因与NR, Swiss Prot、GO、COG和KEGG数据库比对,最终获得90个基因的注释信息。其中4个基因可能参与粒重调控。5、RNA-seq技术进行转录组分析共得到原始数据总碱基数为17.64 G,共发掘得到2,251个新基因及97,963个已知基因；其中2,205个基因在两个样本中表达显著差异,1,181个基因上调,1,087个基因下调。6、1,747(77.61%)个新基因,2,020(91.61%)个差异基因能获得功能注释信息。筛选到50个差异基因可能参与合成调控粒重相关的酶与蛋白。
[Abstract]:Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is the third largest oil crop widely planted in the world, and it is also one of the most important oil crops in China. Seed weight (SWN), the number of pods per plant (SPP) and the number of kernels per pod (SPSs) are three important components of single plant yield. Grain weight is the most stable component factor and the most direct character of oil crop yield. Therefore, it is important to understand the genetic determinants of grain weight in oil crop breeding. In this study, a new generation of sequencing technique was used to analyze the candidate regions of grain weight association and differential gene expression, and to screen candidate genes for 1000-grain weight quickly. It was revealed that candidate genes might be involved in the regulation mechanism of grain weight size. The main results and conclusions were as follows: 1: 1 SLAF-seq technique was used to analyze the samples, and a total of 24.18 M reads data were obtained. A total of 112 292 SLAF tags were developed, and 7536 polymorphic SLAF tags were developed. The polymorphic SLAF tag was selected from one genotype from the male parent G101a and the other from the female parent G102by filtering out the tags below 5x of the sequencing depth. Three hundred and thirty-three SLAF markers were screened for further association analysis. The Euclidean distance method and their intersection were used for correlation analysis. Four SLAF tags with significant correlation with traits were obtained, which were located on ChrA09. The size of the associated region is about 0.58 Mb, among which 91 genes. In the base 25401885-25985931, 91 genes in the associated region were compared with NR, Swiss Protgocog and KEGG databases, and 90 gene annotated information were obtained. Among them, four genes may be involved in grain weight regulation. 5 RNA-seq technique was used for transcriptome analysis. The total base number of the original data was 17.64 G. 2251 new genes and 97963 known genes were identified. The expression of 2205 genes in the two samples was significantly different: 1181 genes were up-regulated, and 1087 genes down-regulated. 1 087 genes down-regulated. Fifty differentially identified genes may be involved in the synthesis of enzymes and proteins related to grain weight regulation.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：博士后
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S565.4

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