基因编辑技术及其在畜牧业中的应用研究进展

发布时间：2018-05-13 07:32

本文选题：基因编辑技术 + 同源重组　；参考：《基因组学与应用生物学》2016年12期

【摘要】：基因编辑技术为畜牧业进行新型分子育种开创了新天地,传统的转基因技术由于整合位点不可控、遗传不稳定等因素而难以在畜牧业发挥作用。胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)和同源重组(HR)相结合可以做到定点整合、稳定遗传,但因为畜禽干细胞难以获得而无法推广。以锌指核酸酶(ZFN)、TALEN和CRISPR/Cas9为代表的新型基因编辑技术结合体细胞核移植(SCNT)以及显微注射技术,为畜禽遗传改良开辟了新思路。本综述了ES结合HR的传统基因编辑技术和ZFN、转录激活因子样效应物核酸酶(TALEN)和成簇有规律间隔的短回文重复序列(CRISPR)以及其相关蛋白(Cas9,Cpf1)的研究及其在畜禽基因编辑中的应用进展。
[Abstract]:Gene editing technology has opened up a new world for new molecular breeding in animal husbandry. Traditional transgenic technology is difficult to play a role in animal husbandry because of uncontrollable integration sites and genetic instability. The combination of embryonic stem cells (es cells) and homologous recombination HRs) can be integrated at fixed point and stable in heredity, but it can not be popularized because of the difficulty of obtaining animal stem cells. A new type of gene editing technique combined with somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNTT) and microinjection technique, represented by ZFN and CRISPR/Cas9, has opened a new way for the genetic improvement of livestock and poultry. In this paper, the traditional gene editing techniques of es binding HR, ZFN, transcriptional activator like effector nuclease (TALEN) and its application in livestock and poultry gene editing were reviewed.
【作者单位】：湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室;
【基金】：转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2016ZX08006001-005,2016ZX08006002-006,2016ZX08010003-006) 湖北省农业科技创新中心(2016-620-000-001-027) 湖北省科技支撑计划(2014BBB010) 湖北省农科院青年基金(2016NKYJJ19)共同资助
【分类号】：Q789;S818.9

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