响应性阳离子聚合物及聚合物纳米胶束基因载体

发布时间：2018-05-17 17:17

  本文选题：阳离子聚合物 + 响应性　； 参考：《高分子学报》2017年12期

【摘要】：人类多种疾病都与基因的结构或功能改变密切相关,基因治疗已经成为改善人类健康的新兴医学治疗手段,基因治疗的关键在于构筑高效的基因载体.发展生物可降解、具有高转染效率和低毒性的阳离子聚合物基因载体已经成为当今该领域的主要任务.本文主要介绍了对细胞内外的环境差异和外界刺激具有响应性的阳离子聚合物基因载体的合成方法,实现DNA在细胞内的有效释放;构筑不同拓扑结构的聚合物,运用聚合物的拓扑结构来调节DNA与聚合物组装复合体形貌,实现DNA的可控压缩和提高载体的转染效率;通过两亲性阳离子聚合物的自组装形成稳定的阳离子纳米胶束,增加聚合物表面电荷密度,从而有效增强聚合物和DNA结合能力,实现低正负电荷比条件下的DNA压缩和基因的高效表达.
[Abstract]:A variety of human diseases are closely related to the structural or functional changes of genes. Gene therapy has become a new medical treatment method to improve human health. The key of gene therapy is to construct efficient gene vectors. The development of biodegradable cationic polymer gene vectors with high transfection efficiency and low toxicity has become a major task in this field. This paper mainly introduces the synthesis method of cationic polymer gene vector which is responsive to the environmental difference inside and outside the cell and external stimuli, realizes the effective release of DNA in cells, constructs the polymer with different topologies, Using the topological structure of polymer to adjust the morphology of DNA / polymer assembly complex, to realize the controllable compression of DNA and to improve the transfection efficiency of the support, and to form stable cationic nanomicelles by self-assembly of amphiphilic cationic polymers. By increasing the surface charge density of the polymer, the binding ability of the polymer to DNA can be effectively enhanced, and the DNA compression and gene expression can be realized under the condition of low positive / negative charge ratio.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院软物质化学重点实验室中国科学技术大学高分子科学与工程系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(基金号51625305,21474097)资助项目
【分类号】：O631;R450
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本文编号：1902202