BMP15基因研究进展

发布时间：2018-06-06 04:33

本文选题：骨形态发生蛋白(BMP) + 卵泡发育　；参考：《农业生物技术学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：骨形态发生蛋白15(bone morphogenetic protein 15,BMP15)属于转移生长因子-β超家族成员,与生长分化因子9(growth differentiation factor 9,GDF9)结构同源且功能类似,故又被称为GDF9B。BMP15蛋白作为一种卵母细胞分泌因子(oocyte-secreted factor,OSF),主要在雌性动物卵母细胞中表达并被分泌到胞外,通过结合到卵母细胞周围颗粒细胞/鞘细胞膜上的特异性受体行使生物学功能。研究表明,BMP15能够以同源二聚体或与GDF9形成异源二聚体的方式参与调节卵泡发育和固醇类激素生成等生理过程。在畜牧生产中,提高家畜的繁殖力具有重要的经济意义,而影响繁殖力的关键因素是家畜的排卵率和产仔数。BMP15已被鉴定为控制绵羊(Ovis aries)排卵数和多胎性状的一个主效基因,但关于BMP15基因对其他家畜繁殖性状的影响的研究报道相对较少。本文总结了BMP15基因的功能以及其在不同物种之间的生物学功能差异,以期为进一步研究其调控功能提供有益的参考。此外,基于基因组编辑技术的飞速发展,本文展望未来可通过对BMP15基因进行精确的遗传修饰,从而培育出具有高繁殖力的家畜新品种。
[Abstract]:Bone morphogenetic protein (15(bone morphogenetic protein 15 BMP15) is a member of the metastatic growth factor- 尾 superfamily, which is homologous to the growth differentiation factor 9(growth differentiation factor 9 and has similar function. Therefore, GDF9B.BMP15 protein, as an oocyte secretory factor, is expressed mainly in female oocytes and is secreted out of the cell. Biological functions are performed by binding specific receptors to the cell membrane of granulosa cells / sheath around oocytes. It has been shown that BMP15 is involved in the regulation of follicular development and steroid hormone production by homologous dimer or heterodimer formation with GDF9. In livestock production, it is of great economic significance to improve the fecundity of domestic animals. The key factors affecting the fecundity are ovulation rate and litter size of livestock. BMP15 has been identified as a major gene controlling ovulation number and multiple fertility traits of sheep. However, there are few studies on the effect of BMP15 gene on reproductive traits of other domestic animals. In this paper, the function of BMP15 gene and its biological function differences among different species were summarized, in order to provide a useful reference for further study on its regulatory function. In addition, based on the rapid development of genome editing technology, this paper looks forward to the future of BMP15 gene through precise genetic modification, so as to develop a new breed of livestock with high fecundity.
【作者单位】：中山大学生命科学学院/有害生物控制国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(No.2016ZX08006003-006) NSFC-广东省联合基金(No.U1201213)
【分类号】：S813

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