春化及光周期基因的等位变异及其对冬小麦光合及产量性状的影响

发布时间：2018-06-25 23:29

本文选题：小麦 + 春化基因　；参考：《麦类作物学报》2016年06期

【摘要】：为了解春化及光周期基因对小麦光合及产量性状的影响,在抗旱棚中对冬麦区广泛种植的58个冬小麦品种进行水分胁迫和正常灌水处理,在灌浆期调查其光合性状,收获后调查其产量性状,并利用分子标记检测其春化及光周期基因的等位变异,进而分析在正常灌水和水分胁迫下春化及光周期基因的等位变异对光合及产量性状的影响。结果表明,供试材料中春化基因Vrn-B1和Vrn-D1位点的出现频率分别为8.62%和43.10%,未检测到春化基因Vrn-A1位点;光周期非敏感型位点Ppd-D1a的出现频率为91.38%。充分灌水条件下,含有vrn-D1位点的品种的净光合速率、蒸腾速率及单株生物量均较含有其显性位点的品种高,而在水分胁迫下,含有vrn-D1位点的品种仍能维持较高胞间CO2浓度、单株生物量及单株籽粒产量,表明该基因型可能更适应干旱环境。综上所述,春化及光周期基因对光合及产量性状有一定影响,携带vrn-D1位点的品种具有高且稳定的光合能力及产量水平,在小麦高光效育种中应注意利用。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the effect of vernalization and photoperiod gene on photosynthetic and yield characters of wheat, 58 winter wheat varieties planted in drought-resistant greenhouse were treated with water stress and normal irrigation, and their photosynthetic characters were investigated at filling stage. The yield traits were investigated after harvest, and the allelic variations of vernalization and photoperiod genes were detected by molecular markers, and the effects of allelic variation of vernalization and photoperiod genes on photosynthetic and yield traits under normal irrigation and water stress were analyzed. The results showed that the frequency of Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 loci were 8.62% and 43.10%, respectively. No Vrn-A1 loci were detected, and the frequency of Ppd-D1a was 91.38. Under sufficient irrigation, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and biomass per plant of cultivars with vrn-D1 loci were higher than those with dominant loci, while under water stress, the cultivars with vrn-D1 loci could maintain high intercellular CO _ 2 concentration. The biomass per plant and grain yield per plant indicated that the genotype might be more suitable for drought environment. To sum up, vernalization and photoperiod genes have certain influence on photosynthetic and yield characters, and the varieties with vrn-D1 locus have high and stable photosynthetic ability and yield level, which should be used in wheat breeding with high light efficiency.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目
【分类号】：S512.11

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