植物次生代谢基因簇研究进展

发布时间：2018-08-21 09:00

【摘要】：类似于原核生物的操纵子,在真核生物(如酵母、真菌、昆虫等)基因组中也出现了彼此功能相关的非同源基因成簇存在的现象。这些基因形成基因簇,可参与多种次生代谢途径。近年来,植物中也发现了越来越多的参与次生代谢产物合成的基因簇,它们已成为植物生物学研究的热点。本文总结并分析了植物中已鉴定的次生代谢基因簇。这些基因簇存在于玉米(Zea mays L.)、水稻(Oryza sativa L.)、拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana(L.)Heynh.)、番茄(Solanum lycopersicum L.)等植物的基因组中,分别参与合成苯并VA唑嗪酮类、萜类和生物碱类等次生代谢产物。本文通过解析这些基因簇的组成及结构特点,对其特征进行总结,探讨了基因簇形成的分子机理及其调控机制,对植物次生代谢基因簇在合成生物学及代谢工程学中的研究方向和应用前景进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Similar to the operons of prokaryotes, clusters of non-homologous genes are also found in eukaryotes (such as yeast, fungi, insects, etc.). These genes form a cluster of genes that can be involved in multiple secondary metabolic pathways. In recent years, more and more gene clusters involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites have been found in plants, and they have become a hotspot in plant biology. In this paper, the identified secondary metabolic gene clusters in plants were summarized and analyzed. These gene clusters exist in maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) They are involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, such as benzoVA azosinones, terpenoids and alkaloids, respectively. In this paper, the molecular mechanism of gene cluster formation and its regulatory mechanism are discussed by analyzing the composition and structural characteristics of these gene clusters, and summarizing their characteristics. The research direction and application prospect of plant secondary metabolic gene cluster in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering are prospected.
【作者单位】：中国医学科学院药用植物研究所中草药物质基础与资源利用教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31570302) 中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2016-I2M-3-016)~~
【分类号】：Q943.2

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