花生油脂合成酰基转移酶基因表达与籽仁含油量相关性分析

发布时间：2018-09-19 09:06

【摘要】：花生是世界范围内广泛种植的重要油料作物,花生油是我国主要的食用植物油,培育高油品种是花生育种的重要目标之一。种子油脂的主要成分为三酰甘油(TAG),TAG的合成过程(Kennedy途径)是由一分子的甘油依次与三分子的脂肪酸经过三次酯化反应合成,三次酯化反应依次由GPAT、LPAAT、DGAT催化完成,前人研究发现花生GPAT9、LPAAT、DGAT1-2在Kennedy途径中发挥重要作用。本研究以不同含油量的花生栽培品种(系)为试验材料,分别检测了种子不同发育时期编码三类酰基转移酶的6个基因(GPAT9-A、GPAT9-B、LPAAT-A、LPAAT-B、DGAT1-2A、DGAT1-2B)的表达量,分析了三类酰基转移酶基因表达量与籽仁含油量的相关性,以及编码同类酰基转移酶的2个亚基因组基因的表达差异,本研究结果为充分利用与改造酰基转移酶基因调控花生等油料作物油脂合成奠定基础,对花生品质改良具有重要的参考价值。本试验主要研究结果如下:(1)随着种子的生长发育,三类酰基转移酶基因表达变化曲线(表达模式)以单峰与双峰为主,基因的表达变化曲线类型与品种含油量高低没有明显的对应关系,同类表达模式品种间高油品种基因的表达量明显高于低油品种。(2)编码同类酰基转移酶的2个亚基因组基因的表达差异,GPAT9-B的表达量大于GPAT9-A,LPAAT-A表达量大于LPAAT-B,DGAT1-2A与DGAT1-2B表达量接近。(3)三类酰基转移酶基因表达总量与籽仁含油量呈显著或极显著正相关,相关系数从大到小依次为:LPAATDGAT1-2GPAT9。GPAT9-B、LPAAT-A、LPAAT-B、DGAT1-2A和DGAT1-2B的表达量均与籽仁含油量呈显著正相关。(4)花生籽仁中DGAT1-2B/GPAT9-A和DGAT1-2/GPAT9-A比值与含油量均呈显著正相关,DGAT1-2B/LPAAT-B及DGAT1-2/LPAAT-B比值与含油量均呈显著正相关。说明DGAT1-2与GPAT9、LPAAT之间表达量的相对值对种子含油量有影响。(5)获得了4株GPAT9转基因植株并收获了T0植株的种子,为GPAT9的进一步研究提供了材料。
[Abstract]:Peanut is an important oil crop widely planted in the world. Peanut oil is the main edible vegetable oil in China. Breeding high oil varieties is one of the important goals of peanut breeding. The main component of seed oil is the synthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG) tag (Kennedy pathway), which is synthesized by the tertiary esterification of one molecule of glycerol and the fatty acid of three molecules, and the third step of esterification is catalyzed by GPAT,LPAAT,DGAT in turn. Previous studies have found that peanut GPAT9,LPAAT,DGAT1-2 plays an important role in the Kennedy pathway. In this study, peanut cultivars (lines) with different oil contents were used to detect the expression of 6 genes (GPAT9-A,GPAT9-B,LPAAT-A,LPAAT-B,DGAT1-2A,DGAT1-2B) encoding three kinds of acyltransferases in seeds at different developmental stages. The relationship between the gene expression of three acyltransferases and the oil content of seed kernels, and the difference of expression of two subgenomic genes encoding the same acyltransferase were analyzed. The results of this study laid a foundation for fully utilizing and modifying the acyltransferase gene to regulate oil synthesis of peanut and other oil crops, and had important reference value for peanut quality improvement. The main results are as follows: (1) with the growth and development of seeds, the expression patterns of the three kinds of acyltransferases are mainly single-peak and bimodal. There was no significant correlation between the type of gene expression curve and the oil content of the variety. (2) the difference of expression of two subgenomic genes encoding the same acyltransferase was higher than that of GPAT9-A,LPAAT-A. (2) the expression level of GPAT9-B was higher than that of LPAAT-B,DGAT1-2A and DGAT1-2B. Close to. (3) the total gene expression of three kinds of acyltransferases was positively correlated with the oil content of seed kernels. The correlation coefficient from large to small was: 1: LPAATDGAT1-2GPAT9.GPAT9-B + LPAAT-ANLPAAT-BUP DGAT1-2A and DGAT1-2B were positively correlated with seed oil content. (4) there was a significant positive correlation between DGAT1-2B/GPAT9-A and DGAT1-2/GPAT9-A ratio and oil content in peanut kernel. DGAT1-2B / LPAAT-B ratio and DGAT1-2/LPAAT-B ratio were positively correlated with oil content. The results showed that the relative expression of DGAT1-2 and GPAT9,LPAAT affected the oil content in seeds. (5) four GPAT9 transgenic plants were obtained and the seeds of T0 plants were harvested, which provided materials for the further study of GPAT9.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S565.2

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