水稻籽粒灌浆突变体gef1的鉴定及其基因定位

发布时间：2018-11-29 12:38

【摘要】：籽粒灌浆是水稻(Oryza sativa)生长发育过程中极为重要的阶段,涉及复杂的遗传调控网络和环境互作,直接关系到水稻产量和品质的形成.本研究通过甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变籼稻品种宜香1B,筛选到一个能稳定遗传的籽粒灌浆延长突变体gef1(grain extended filling 1).与野生型相比,该突变体灌浆速率下降,灌浆延长约30 d,且籽粒变大,结实率下降.相关生理指标测定表明,突变体gef1在整个灌浆过程中光合同化物供应正常,但同化物的分配与转化效率较低.对突变体gef1组织细胞学观察发现,穗轴与茎秆部位的大维管束数量减少,表明同化物的运输效率降低是影响灌浆速率的原因之一;颖壳内表皮细胞纵向伸长且数量增多,推测籽粒大小的改变与细胞的数量及形状有关.基因表达分析表明,gef1影响籽粒中糖代谢相关酶的表达;遗传分析表明,该突变表型受单隐性核基因控制,利用图位克隆法将gef1基因定位于水稻第3染色体短臂标记InDel3-1与InDel3-2之间198 kb的范围内,在该区域内尚未有与水稻籽粒灌浆相关基因的报道.
[Abstract]:Grain filling is a very important stage in the growth and development of (Oryza sativa) in rice. It involves complex genetic control network and environment interaction, which is directly related to the formation of rice yield and quality. In this study, an indica rice cultivar Yixiang 1B was induced by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), and a stable grain filling prolongation mutant gef1 (grain extended filling 1 was selected. Compared with the wild type, the grain filling rate of the mutant decreased, the grain filling was prolonged about 30 days, the grain became larger, and the seed setting rate decreased. The relative physiological indexes showed that the gef1 mutant had a normal supply of photocontractual compounds during the whole filling process, but the efficiency of the distribution and transformation of assimilates was relatively low. The number of large vascular bundles in the panicle and stem was decreased, which indicated that the decrease of assimilate transport efficiency was one of the reasons that affected the filling rate. The number of epidermal cells in glume lengthened and increased, and the change of grain size was related to the number and shape of the cells. Gene expression analysis showed that gef1 affected the expression of glycometabolism related enzymes in grains. Genetic analysis showed that the mutant phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. The gef1 gene was mapped to the range of 198 kb between InDel3-1 and InDel3-2 on rice chromosome 3 by map cloning. No genes related to grain filling in rice have been reported in this region.
【作者单位】：四川农业大学水稻研究所西南作物基因资源与遗传改良教育部重点实验室;四川省宜宾市农业科学院;
【基金】：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403002-3) 四川省农作物育种攻关项目四川省科技厅项目(2016HH0044)资助
【分类号】：S511

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