番茄黄叶基因NV的遗传定位及生理特性研究

发布时间：2018-12-08 11:41

【摘要】：番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)属于茄科,番茄属,是十分重要的蔬菜作物。叶色突变体可作为苗期标记性状用于品质纯度快速鉴定,一些突变体具有优良性状可用于遗传育种。叶色突变体在研究叶绿素代谢、叶绿体结构、光合作用特性以及基因表达调控等方面有重要作用。因此,开展番茄叶色突变体的研究,对于研究突变体基因功能和遗传育种工作都有重要意义。番茄黄叶突变体马娜佩尔(Manapal)存在稳定遗传的黄叶基因nv(netted virescent)与Tm-2紧密连锁,对烟草花叶病毒抗性强,作为苗期标记性状被广泛应用于番茄抗病遗传育种,但其生理机制和基因功能研究较少。本研究利用构建的马娜佩尔与野生潘那利番茄LA0716的高代回交近等基因系群体,对nv植株的光合色素含量、叶绿体形态结构、光合参数等进行了研究,开发分子标记并利用重测序分析技术对NV基因进行了遗传分析,目的在于研究NV基因的生理机制和对NV进行精细定位。主要研究结果如下:1、构建了BC_7S_1、BC_7S_2以及BC_8近等基因系群体。2、nv植株叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素的含量显著低于正常植株,叶绿素a/叶绿素b差异不明显,类胡萝卜素的含量降低较少,总叶绿素/类胡萝卜素存在一定差异;与正常植株相比叶绿体数目较少,分布不均匀,形状不规则,类囊体的基粒片层和基质片层未完全分化,垛叠不紧实;nv植株净光合速率(Pn)显著低于正常植株,而气孔导度(G2)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)略高于对照株。3、开发了位于番茄第9号染色体的21个有多态性的分子标记,利用这些分子标记对近等基因系群体的2000多株单株进行了遗传分析,将NV定位于标记InD-09-4-1和HP63/64之间。4、利用重测序分析技术,筛选出12个候选基因。
[Abstract]:Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) belongs to the family Solanaceae, tomato genus, is a very important vegetable crop. Leaf color mutants can be used as marker traits in seedling stage for rapid identification of quality purity, and some mutants can be used for genetic breeding. Leaf color mutants play an important role in the study of chlorophyll metabolism, chloroplast structure, photosynthesis characteristics and regulation of gene expression. Therefore, the study of tomato leaf color mutants is of great significance to the study of gene function and genetic breeding of tomato leaf color mutants. The yellow leaf mutant (Manapal) of tomato has a stable genetic linkage between nv (netted virescent) and Tm-2 and has strong resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), which is widely used as marker in seedling stage. But its physiological mechanism and gene function are less studied. In this study, the photosynthetic pigment content, chloroplast morphological structure and photosynthetic parameters of nv plants were studied by using the high generation backcross near isogenic population of Manapel and wild Panari tomato LA0716. Molecular markers were developed and the genetic analysis of NV gene was carried out by using the technique of re-sequencing. The purpose of this study was to study the physiological mechanism of NV gene and to map NV fine. The main results are as follows: 1. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in leaves of BC_7S_1,BC_7S_2 and BC_8 near isogenic lines were significantly lower than those of normal plants. There was no significant difference in chlorophyll a / b, but the content of carotenoid decreased less, and the total chlorophyll / carotenoid was different to some extent. Compared with the normal plant, the chloroplast number is less, the distribution is uneven, the shape is irregular, the granulocytes and matrix lamellae of thylakoid are not fully differentiated, and the stacking is not compact. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of nv plants was significantly lower than that of normal plants, while the stomatal conductance (G2) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were slightly higher than that of control plants. 21 polymorphic markers located on tomato chromosome 9 were developed. These molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic status of more than 2000 individual plants in the near-isogenic population. The NV was located between the marker InD-09-4-1 and the HP63/64. Finally, 12 candidate genes were screened by re-sequencing analysis.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S641.2

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