基于创新基因理论的煤层气开采技术创新路径应用研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 09:52

【摘要】：煤层气作为煤炭和天然气资源的重要替代品开发潜力巨大,目前已在美国、俄罗斯和加拿大等国家普及,并且形成了煤层气工业新行业,成效显著。然而,作为开采潜力巨大的新能源产业之一,当今我国的煤层气开采却多数依赖国外已有技术,自主创新技术十分匮乏,虽针对于我国煤矿资源贮存特点进行了一些优化,但总体进展缓慢,亟待根据我国特殊的煤矿贮存条件针对性地对我国煤层气开采技术展开创新研究。有鉴于此,本文首先基于创新基因原理,将基因工程运用于技术创新过程之中,运用科学知识图谱构建了技术基因数据获取及预处理路径;然后,运用专利分析方法从中提取出技术基因的特征要素;接着,运用专家会议法结合当前技术现状,将所获得的特征技术基因绘制生成技术创新基因表达图谱;最后,运用熵权法和专利挖掘方法构建了技术创新基因图谱数据的分析模型,并以我国煤层气开采技术为例,运用上述技术创新基因理论模型进行了实证研究,对我国煤层气开采技术创新发展路径进行了预测。本文的核心研究内容及创新点总结如下:(1)构建了大数据背景下的技术基因信息提取模型。针对多源异构、海量的专业技术数据运用科学知识图谱及专利分析方法构建了创新基因数据提取及分析模型,实现了在先验知识缺失情况下对海量技术创新基因的遴选过程,为下一步进行技术创新基因信息决策路径的确认提供了信息基础和方法支持。(2)构建了技术创新基因分析与创新路径选择模型。通过技术创新基因图谱可以直观看到相关技术领域关键技术创新基因,在此基础上本文运用熵权法和专利挖掘方法构建了技术创新基因分析评价模型,对未来目标领域技术创新的发展路径进行可靠预测。(3)基于技术创新基因理论模型对我国煤层气开采技术创新过程进行了实证研究。本文运用上述构建的技术创新基因理论模型,对我国煤层气开采技术现状进行了深入分析和研究,并结合分析结果指出我国未来煤层气开采技术在矿用钻头和储层改造技术两个方面具有较大的技术创新空间。研究结果表明:本文所提出的技术创新基因图谱模型,是一种基于专利文献挖掘的系统技术预测方法,可广泛应用于专利文献所涵盖的多技术领域,通过运用相应的文本聚类和数据分析方法,对相关领域关键技术创新基因进行筛选、提取、归类和预测,具有较强的普适性。运用该模型可以在较短时间内,绘制出相关领域企业的技术创新基因图谱,并通过进一步统计分析为企业提供具体的技术研发方向和思路,以指导企业的技术创新过程,缩短技术研发周期,提高研发效率,具有较强的应用价值。
[Abstract]:As an important substitute for coal and natural gas resources, CBM has great potential to develop, which has been popularized in the United States, Russia and Canada, and has formed a new industry of CBM industry, with remarkable results. However, as one of the new energy industries with great potential for exploitation, most of the coal-bed methane mining in our country depends on the existing foreign technology, and the independent innovation technology is very scarce, although some optimization has been carried out according to the characteristics of coal mine resources storage in our country. However, the overall progress is slow, so it is urgent to carry out innovative research on coalbed methane mining technology according to the special coal mine storage conditions in China. In view of this, this paper firstly applies genetic engineering to the process of technological innovation based on the principle of innovative gene, and constructs the path of obtaining and preprocessing technical gene data by using scientific knowledge map. Then, the characteristic elements of the technology gene are extracted by patent analysis method, and the expression map of the technology innovation gene is plotted by the expert meeting method combined with the current technology status. Finally, an analytical model of genetic map data of technological innovation is constructed by using entropy weight method and patent mining method. Taking the coal-bed methane mining technology in China as an example, an empirical study is carried out by using the above technology innovation gene theory model. The innovative development path of coal-bed methane mining technology in China is forecasted. The main contents and innovations of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) the model of extracting technical gene information under big data background is constructed. Aiming at the multi-source heterogeneous and massive professional technical data, a model for extracting and analyzing innovative gene data is constructed by using scientific knowledge map and patent analysis method, and the selection process of mass technological innovation gene is realized under the condition of lack of prior knowledge. It provides the information basis and method support for the next step to confirm the decision path of technological innovation gene information. (2) the model of gene analysis and path selection of technological innovation is constructed. The key technology innovation genes can be seen intuitively by the genetic map of technological innovation. Based on this, a genetic analysis and evaluation model of technological innovation is constructed by using entropy weight method and patent mining method. The development path of technological innovation in future target areas is predicted reliably. (3) based on the genetic model of technological innovation, the technological innovation process of coal-bed methane production in China is studied empirically. In this paper, the current situation of coal-bed methane mining technology in China is analyzed and studied by using the gene theory model of technological innovation constructed above. Combined with the analysis results, it is pointed out that the future coal-bed methane production technology in China has a great space for technological innovation in both mine bit and reservoir reconstruction technology. The results show that the genetic map model of technological innovation proposed in this paper is a systematic technology prediction method based on patent literature mining, and can be widely used in multi-technology fields covered by patent literature. By using the corresponding methods of text clustering and data analysis, the key technical innovation genes in related fields are screened, extracted, classified and predicted. By using this model, we can draw the gene map of technology innovation in the related fields in a short time, and provide the specific direction and train of thought for the enterprise through further statistical analysis, so as to guide the technological innovation process of the enterprise. Shortening the technology R & D cycle and improving R & D efficiency have strong application value.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE375

【相似文献】