播种量和施氮量对不同基因型冬小麦干物质累积、转运及产量的影响
发布时间：2019-07-18 08:58
【摘要】：本文以多穗型品种‘豫麦49-198’(YM49-198)和大穗型品种‘周麦16’(ZM16)为试验材料,采用裂区试验,研究了在施氮量为0、180、360 kg·hm~(-2)和播种量为75、150、225、300 kg·hm~(-2)条件下对冬小麦干物质累积、转运、分配及产量的影响。结果表明:施氮量和播种量对小麦干物质累积量影响显著,增加施氮量或播种量均有利于小麦干物质累积量的升高,播种量对干物质累积的影响大于施氮量,多穗型品种YM49-198各生育时期干物质累积量均高于大穗型品种ZM16。在最低播种量75 kg·hm~(-2)下,花前干物质转运量、转运率及对籽粒的贡献率显著高于其他播种量处理;在播种量为150、225和300 kg·hm~(-2)的小麦花后光合同化量、对籽粒的贡献率均高于花前干物质转运量和贡献率,且均随播种量的增加而降低。施氮量和播种量对产量及构成要素的影响均达显著水平。综合考虑经济效益,为达到9 000 kg·hm~(-2)产量水平,YM49-498和ZM16的优化施氮量为180~220 kg·hm~(-2),播种量分别为150~192和213~225 kg·hm~(-2)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of nitrogen application rate of 0180360 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) and sowing rate of 75150225300 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) on dry matter accumulation, transport, distribution and yield of winter wheat were studied by using multi-panicle variety 'Yumai 49 / 198' (YM49-198) and large panicle variety 'Zhoumai 16' (ZM16) as experimental materials. The results showed that nitrogen application rate and sowing rate had significant effects on dry matter accumulation of wheat. Increasing nitrogen application rate or sowing rate was beneficial to the increase of dry matter accumulation of wheat, and the effect of sowing rate on dry matter accumulation was greater than that of nitrogen application. The dry matter accumulation of multi-panicle variety YM49-198 was higher than that of large panicle variety ZM16. during the growth period. Under the lowest sowing rate of 75 kg 路hm ~ (- 2), the dry matter transport before anthesis, the transport rate and the contribution rate to grain were significantly higher than those of other sowing treatments, and the contribution rate of post-anthesis light contracted to wheat with sowing rate of 150225 and 300 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) was higher than that before anthesis, and decreased with the increase of sowing rate. The effects of nitrogen application rate and sowing rate on yield and components were significant. Considering the economic benefits, in order to reach the yield level of 9 000 kg 路hm ~ (- 2), the optimal nitrogen application rates of YM49-498 and ZM16 were 180 鈮，
本文编号：2515772
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of nitrogen application rate of 0180360 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) and sowing rate of 75150225300 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) on dry matter accumulation, transport, distribution and yield of winter wheat were studied by using multi-panicle variety 'Yumai 49 / 198' (YM49-198) and large panicle variety 'Zhoumai 16' (ZM16) as experimental materials. The results showed that nitrogen application rate and sowing rate had significant effects on dry matter accumulation of wheat. Increasing nitrogen application rate or sowing rate was beneficial to the increase of dry matter accumulation of wheat, and the effect of sowing rate on dry matter accumulation was greater than that of nitrogen application. The dry matter accumulation of multi-panicle variety YM49-198 was higher than that of large panicle variety ZM16. during the growth period. Under the lowest sowing rate of 75 kg 路hm ~ (- 2), the dry matter transport before anthesis, the transport rate and the contribution rate to grain were significantly higher than those of other sowing treatments, and the contribution rate of post-anthesis light contracted to wheat with sowing rate of 150225 and 300 kg 路hm ~ (- 2) was higher than that before anthesis, and decreased with the increase of sowing rate. The effects of nitrogen application rate and sowing rate on yield and components were significant. Considering the economic benefits, in order to reach the yield level of 9 000 kg 路hm ~ (- 2), the optimal nitrogen application rates of YM49-498 and ZM16 were 180 鈮，
本文编号：2515772
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