矿用充填材料制备技术与性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 10:43

本文选题：矿用充填材料 + 工艺参数　；参考：《山东理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国煤炭资源丰富,但是煤炭开采造成的环境问题和生态问题越来越突出,基于日渐突出的问题,绿色开采是我国煤炭可持续发展的的必经之路。本文从充分回收煤炭资源、减少环境污染和生态破坏的角度出发,提出了矿用充填材料用于井下充填的课题,并进行详细研究。矿用充填材料是由粉煤灰、石膏、石灰、水泥、添加剂等材料混合而成,浆体浓度为40%~48%。该材料具有固水性能较大、流动性能良好、早期强度较高、膨胀性能适度、长期的稳定性等特点,是煤矿充填开采的关键技术。通过对原材料物理化学性能进行测试分析,确定了粉煤灰、水泥、石灰等原材料用于矿山充填的可行性。本文通过试验研究,探讨了影响矿用充填材料性能的工艺参数。充分分析矿用充填材料的水化机理以及原材料的必要性,在“粉煤灰-石灰-水”体系下进行了原材料不同添加量试验,确定了矿用充填材料的石膏、石灰、水泥等主要原料的最佳配合比例,使矿用充填材料的抗压强度等指标达到最佳效果,实现低成本、高效益的充填技术。其次,对矿用充填材料强度机理进行探讨,并通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜分析和差热分析方法确定了矿用充填材料强度产生的原因:水化产物钙矾石、硅酸钙凝胶、铝酸钙凝胶、C-A-S-H凝胶共同作用的结果。在矿用充填材料配方优化的前提下,为了探讨其用于井下充填的可行性,对矿用充填材料试件的性能:抗热、抗冻、膨胀以及抗水渗透等进行研究,试验结果表明矿用充填材料抗热抗冻和抗水渗透性能良好,符合井下充填要求;具有适度的膨胀性,能够起到了主动支撑采场顶板的作用。以粉煤灰为基料的矿用充填材料可用于井下充填,但对于粉煤灰获取难度较大的矿山如金属矿山是否可行,并且能够利用金属矿山的废料优势,最后试验进行了风积沙、尾砂、赤泥效果应用,试验表明将风积沙、尾砂、赤泥等材料部分或全部替代粉煤灰,试件龄期28d时,强度分别达到3.03MPa、2.4MPa、1.35MPa,满足矿山充填需要,扩大了矿用充填材料的应用范围。
[Abstract]:China is rich in coal resources, but the environmental problems and ecological problems caused by coal mining are becoming more and more prominent. Based on the increasingly prominent problems, green mining is the only way for the sustainable development of coal in China. This paper, from the perspective of fully recovering coal resources, reducing environmental pollution and ecological destruction, puts forward the use of mineral filling materials. The mine filling material is made of fly ash, gypsum, lime, cement, additive and other materials. The concentration of slurry is 40%~48%., which has the characteristics of high water retention, good flow performance, high early strength, moderate expansibility and long-term stability. It is a coal mine filling mining. Key technology. Through testing and analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the raw materials, the feasibility of using the raw materials such as fly ash, cement and lime used in mine filling is determined. In this paper, the technological parameters affecting the performance of the filling material are discussed through experimental research. The hydration mechanism of the filling material and the necessity of the raw materials are fully analyzed. Under the system of "fly ash lime water", the experiment of different amount of raw materials was carried out. The optimum matching proportion of the main raw materials such as gypsum, lime and cement was determined to make the best effect on the compressive strength of the mineral filling material and to realize the filling technology with low cost and high benefit. Secondly, the strength of the filling material for mine was strong. The degree mechanism is discussed, and the causes of the strength of the filling material are determined by X ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscope analysis and differential thermal analysis. The result of the joint action of hydrated ettringite, calcium silicate gel, calcium aluminate gel and C-A-S-H gel. The feasibility of the backfilling is studied on the properties of the mineral filling material: heat resistance, frost resistance, expansion and water penetration resistance. The results show that the mineral filling material has good resistance to heat and frost resistance and water penetration, which meets the requirements of underground filling, and has a moderate expansibility, and it can play the role of active supporting stope roof. Mine filling material with ash as base material can be used for underground filling, but it is feasible for mine, such as metal mine, which is difficult to get fly ash, and can make use of the advantages of metal mine waste. Finally, the results of wind product sand, tailings and red mud have been applied, and the experiment shows that the materials of wind product sand, tailings, red mud and other materials are completely replaced. The strength of fly ash reaches 3.03MPa, 2.4MPa and 1.35MPa when the specimen age is 28d. It meets the needs of mine filling and expands the application scope of mine filling materials.

【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD823.7

【参考文献】