达县煤矿地质环境影响评价与影响程度分区

发布时间：2018-05-17 09:17

本文选题：达县煤矿 + 地质环境　；参考：《成都理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿产资源开发不仅能给人们的生产生活提供所需的能源消耗以及对物质生活的改善,同样也极大地推动了当地社会经济的发展。但矿山大规模开采也相应地带来了无法回避的环境问题,矿山开采是作用于矿区地质环境所造成的破坏与污染,对人们的生产生活构成了严重威胁。达县位于川东,境内以低山、丘陵地貌为主,煤炭资源丰富,大量煤矿矿山分布于地质环境脆弱地带,所以高强度、不合理等开采方式易导致相关地质环境问题。因此,对达县区域内开展煤矿地质环境调查研究、做出科学准确的评价以及对其有效保护尤为重要。论文的主要工作如下:(1)以达县煤矿分布、矿产开发利用状况以及矿区地质环境条件为背景,对煤矿开发所造成的地质环境问题类型、区域范围内地质灾害分布特点及相关影响因素进行了分析。(2)找出因矿山开采导致地质环境问题的根源所在,选取地形地貌、植被覆盖率、岩土工程特性、崩塌、泥石流、地面塌陷、水土流失、占用破坏、废水年排放量9个评价指标建立矿山地质环境影响评价体系。采用层次分析法与模糊数学相结合的评判方法对达县矿山地质环境影响程度进行综合评价。(3)在研究区内的煤矿评价结果基础上,通过合理的分区原则对研究区内各煤矿地质环境影响程度划分为严重、较严重和轻微三个区。(4)根据影响程度不同的三个区分别提出具有较强针对性的防治对策。该研究对达县矿山以至全国其它类似矿山地质环境治理具有一定参考价值。
[Abstract]:The exploitation of mineral resources can not only provide energy consumption and improve material life for people's production and life, but also promote the development of local society and economy. However, the large-scale mining also brings the unavoidable environmental problems. Mine mining is the damage and pollution caused by the geological environment of the mining area, which poses a serious threat to the production and life of people. Daxian County is located in East Sichuan, with low mountains and hilly landforms, abundant coal resources and a large number of coal mines distributed in fragile geological environment, so high intensity and unreasonable mining methods can easily lead to related geological and environmental problems. Therefore, it is very important to carry out investigation and research on coal mine geological environment, make scientific and accurate evaluation and protect it effectively. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) based on the distribution of coal mines in Daxian County, the situation of exploitation and utilization of mineral resources and the geological environmental conditions of mining areas, the types of geological environmental problems caused by coal mine development are analyzed. The distribution characteristics of geological hazards and related influencing factors in regional scope are analyzed. (2) to find out the root causes of geological environmental problems caused by mining, to select topography and geomorphology, vegetation coverage, geotechnical engineering characteristics, collapse, debris flow, etc. The mine geological environment impact assessment system was established by nine evaluation indexes such as ground collapse, soil erosion, occupation damage and annual discharge of waste water. Based on the evaluation results of coal mines in the study area, the comprehensive evaluation of the impact degree of mine geological environment in Daxian County is carried out by the method of AHP and fuzzy mathematics. According to the reasonable zoning principle, each coal mine geological environment influence degree is divided into serious, more serious and slight three districts. According to the three areas with different degree of influence, the prevention and cure countermeasures are put forward respectively. This research has certain reference value to the mine geological environment treatment of Daxian mine and other similar mines in China.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD167

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