赣南典型钨矿床、铅锌矿床中黄铜矿的矿物学研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 09:22

本文选题：赣南地区 + 钨矿　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：赣南地区是我国的“钨都”,近年来在成矿规律和成矿作用的深入研究、“五层楼+地下室”的找矿模式等指导下,不仅在钨矿的深部找矿中取得突破,而且在铜铅锌金矿的找矿中也取得了丰硕成果。赣南的钨、铜铅锌多金属矿成为了目前的研究热点,国家深部探测与试验研究在该区部署了大量的研究工作,为该区的深部成矿作用研究提供了重要基础。作为赣南地区比较典型钨矿和铜多金属矿代表性矿床——淘锡坑钨多金属矿和牛形坝金银铅锌矿,均发育了大量的铜矿物——黄铜矿,甚至可达到工业开采。本论文以黄铜矿为主要研究对象,采取野外地质调查与室内实验测试分析相结合的工作方法,通过对比开展黄铜矿的标型矿物学特征、地球化学特性等研究,取得的主要成果和创新点如下:(1)黄铜矿在钨矿中作为伴生矿物存在,其分布显示一定的“逆向分带”现象,明显的高Ag低Au,在铅锌矿中为主要的矿石矿物,Ag、Au的含量较低,但可包裹独立Au、Ag,为载体矿物;(2)黄铜矿均呈亏铁富硫的化学特性,显示中低温成矿作用特点;(3)黄铜矿在两个矿床中主要成分的含量变化不大,微量元素种类及含量存在较大差异,在钨矿中成矿元素相对复杂,以高温成矿组合元素为主,含有一定量的中低温元素,在铅锌矿中成矿元素主要为中低温元素,高温元素的含量则相对较少;(4)黄铜矿在两个矿床中的稀土含量及特征既有相似又有明显不同,在钨矿中分馏明显且不均,配分曲线整体呈轻稀土略亏损型,δCe均体现出负异常,在铅锌矿中分馏不明显,配分曲线整体呈轻稀土略富集型,δCe体现出负异常-正异常;(5)黄铜矿在两个矿床中的硫同位素组成特征相似,硫源较为单一且均来源于深部岩浆;(6)铋元素在两个矿床中既有相似又有不同,在钨矿中以自然铋、辉铋矿、辉铅铋矿等形式存在,具有明显逆向垂直分带的特征,各铋(含铋)矿物中Ag的含量较高且部分参与了铋硫盐矿物的组成,在铅锌矿中以铋硫盐矿物的形式存在,且成分复杂,绝大多数不含Ag;黄铜矿与铋硫盐矿物生成的先后顺序在两个矿床内基本一致。总之,黄铜矿在标型矿物学特征及地球化学特性方面既存在相似又存在差异,体现出赣南地区多金属矿化及成矿过程的同一性与多样性。对于中低温的铜铅锌金银矿化来说,黄铜矿既为成矿物质,也是金、银的主要载体矿物之一,对于中高温的钨锡矿化来说,黄铜矿则是成矿相对晚阶段的硫化物组合中的重要组成,表明黄铜矿能够作为不同矿化的深部找矿标志和指示意义。
[Abstract]:Gannan area is the "tungsten capital" of our country. In recent years, under the guidance of the metallogenic law and metallogenic process and the prospecting mode of "five-story basement", not only has a breakthrough been made in the deep prospecting of tungsten ore, but also in the deep exploration of tungsten ore. And in the copper-lead-zinc gold prospecting has also achieved fruitful results. The tungsten, copper-lead-zinc polymetallic deposits in southern Jiangxi have become a hot research topic at present. A great deal of research work has been carried out in this area by the national deep exploration and experimental research, which provides an important basis for the study of deep mineralization in this area. As a representative deposit of typical tungsten ore and copper-polymetallic ore in south Jiangxi Province, the Taoxikeng tungsten polymetallic deposit and Niuguangba gold-silver lead-zinc deposit have developed a large number of copper minerals-chalcopyrite, even industrial mining. In this paper, chalcopyrite is taken as the main research object. By combining the field geological survey with laboratory test and analysis, the typical mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of chalcopyrite are studied by comparison. The main achievements and innovations are as follows: (1) chalcopyrite exists as an associated mineral in tungsten ore. The distribution of chalcopyrite shows a certain "reverse zonation" phenomenon, with obvious high Ag and low Au. The chemical characteristics of chalcopyrite are iron-deficient and sulphur-rich, indicating that the main components of chalcopyrite in the two deposits have little change, and there are great differences in the types and contents of trace elements. The ore-forming elements in tungsten ore are relatively complex, mainly composed of high-temperature metallogenic assemblage elements and containing a certain amount of medium-low temperature elements, while in lead-zinc ores, the ore-forming elements are mainly medium-low temperature elements. The content of high temperature elements in chalcopyrite is relatively small. (4) the content and characteristics of rare earth elements of chalcopyrite in the two deposits are both similar and distinct, the fractionation is obvious and uneven in tungsten ore, the partition curve is light rare earth slightly depleted, and 未 ce is negative anomaly. The fractionation is not obvious in lead-zinc ore, the partition curve is light rare earth slightly enriched, and 未 ce shows negative anomaly and positive anomaly. The sulfur isotopic composition of chalcopyrite in the two deposits is similar. The elements of bismuth are both similar and different in the two deposits, and exist in the form of natural bismuth, bismuth and lead bismuth in tungsten ore. The content of Ag in bismuth (bismuth) minerals is relatively high and some of them are involved in the composition of bismuth sulfide minerals, which exist in the form of bismuth sulfide minerals in lead-zinc ores, and the composition is complex. The order of formation of chalcopyrite and bismuth sulfide minerals is basically the same in the two deposits. In a word, chalcopyrite has similarities and differences in the typomorphic mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, which reflects the identity and diversity of polymetallic mineralization and metallogenic process in southern Jiangxi. For copper, lead, zinc, gold and silver mineralization at moderate and low temperatures, chalcopyrite is not only a metallogenic mineral, but also one of the main carrier minerals for gold and silver. Chalcopyrite is an important component of the sulphide assemblage in the relatively late stage of mineralization, indicating that chalcopyrite can be used as a deep prospecting marker and indicator for different mineralization.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.2

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