偏心不耦合装药爆破裂纹扩展与控制试验研究
发布时间：2018-07-23 17:45
【摘要】：光面爆破施工中装药往往很难位于炮孔中心,因而装药出现偏心,甚至形成与炮孔壁的局部接触,其结果就是爆破作用造成一定范围内的孔壁岩体破裂,尤其对于节理裂隙发育岩体,爆破作用将会导致孔壁围岩的破碎而引起超挖,进而影响围岩的稳定性。为此,进行径向偏心不耦合装药爆破的岩体破裂规律及裂纹扩展控制研究,对于正确认识装药结构对光面爆破效果和围岩稳定的影响具有一定的理论价值和工程实践意义。本文以有机玻璃作为试验介质、雷管为爆源,以装药不耦合系数、导向孔与炮孔距离为变量,在药包外侧添加塑料管控制爆破能量作用方向,开展了大量偏心不耦合装药爆破裂纹扩展与控制的模拟实验和理论分析,获得了一系列有意义的结论。首先,以厚度为5mm和40mm的有机玻璃为试验介质,研究不同装药不耦合系数时偏心不耦合装药爆破孔壁裂纹分布和扩展规律,发现厚度较小的有机玻璃更适合作为爆破试验介质;同时发现装药不耦合系数为1.71时能够获得最佳的爆破效果。其次,通过导向孔与炮孔距离分别为36mm、48mm和60mm时的爆破试验,发现孔距为36mm~48mm时,空孔对孔间裂纹的形成有一定的导向作用。最后,以控制裂纹扩展方向、减小对围岩的破坏为目的,开展5组不同装药不耦合系数时护壁套管位于不同位置的偏心不耦合装药爆破裂纹扩展控制试验,得出当不耦合系数为1.57~2时,护壁套管能够有效控制偏心不耦合装药爆破裂纹扩展方向。
[Abstract]:In the construction of smooth blasting, the charge is often difficult to locate in the center of the gun hole, so the charge is eccentric and even formed with the local contact with the wall of the hole. The result is that the blasting effect causes the fracture of the rock mass in the hole wall within a certain range, especially for the jointed rock mass, which will cause the breakage of the wall rock of the hole wall to cause excess excavation. For this reason, the study on the fracture law of rock mass and the control of crack propagation in the radial eccentricity uncoupled charge blasting has a certain theoretical value and practical significance for the correct understanding of the effect of the charge structure on the smooth blasting effect and the stability of the surrounding rock. This paper takes the organic glass as the experimental medium and the detonator is the explosion source. With the uncoupling coefficient of charge and the distance between the guide hole and the hole of the gun as variable, the direction of blasting energy is controlled by adding plastic tube on the outside of the package. A lot of simulation experiments and theoretical analysis are carried out for the crack propagation and control of a large number of eccentrically uncoupled charge blasting. A series of meaningful conclusions are obtained. First, the organic glass with thickness of 5mm and 40mm is used as the conclusion. In the test medium, the crack distribution and propagation law of the eccentric uncoupled charge blasting hole wall are studied in different loading uncoupling coefficients. It is found that the smaller thickness of organic glass is more suitable for blasting test medium. At the same time, it is found that the best blasting effect can be obtained when the charge uncoupling coefficient is 1.71. Secondly, the distance between the guide hole and the hole distance is respectively. For 36mm, 48mm and 60mm, it is found that the hole has a certain guiding effect on the formation of the cracks between the holes when the hole distance is 36mm~48mm. Finally, in order to control the crack propagation direction and reduce the failure of the surrounding rock, the crack expansion of the eccentric uncoupled charge blasting in the different position of the 5 groups of different loading uncoupling coefficients is carried out. The test shows that when the uncoupling coefficient is 1.57~2, the protective sleeve can effectively control the crack propagation direction of the eccentric decoupling charge.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD235
本文编号：2140160
[Abstract]:In the construction of smooth blasting, the charge is often difficult to locate in the center of the gun hole, so the charge is eccentric and even formed with the local contact with the wall of the hole. The result is that the blasting effect causes the fracture of the rock mass in the hole wall within a certain range, especially for the jointed rock mass, which will cause the breakage of the wall rock of the hole wall to cause excess excavation. For this reason, the study on the fracture law of rock mass and the control of crack propagation in the radial eccentricity uncoupled charge blasting has a certain theoretical value and practical significance for the correct understanding of the effect of the charge structure on the smooth blasting effect and the stability of the surrounding rock. This paper takes the organic glass as the experimental medium and the detonator is the explosion source. With the uncoupling coefficient of charge and the distance between the guide hole and the hole of the gun as variable, the direction of blasting energy is controlled by adding plastic tube on the outside of the package. A lot of simulation experiments and theoretical analysis are carried out for the crack propagation and control of a large number of eccentrically uncoupled charge blasting. A series of meaningful conclusions are obtained. First, the organic glass with thickness of 5mm and 40mm is used as the conclusion. In the test medium, the crack distribution and propagation law of the eccentric uncoupled charge blasting hole wall are studied in different loading uncoupling coefficients. It is found that the smaller thickness of organic glass is more suitable for blasting test medium. At the same time, it is found that the best blasting effect can be obtained when the charge uncoupling coefficient is 1.71. Secondly, the distance between the guide hole and the hole distance is respectively. For 36mm, 48mm and 60mm, it is found that the hole has a certain guiding effect on the formation of the cracks between the holes when the hole distance is 36mm~48mm. Finally, in order to control the crack propagation direction and reduce the failure of the surrounding rock, the crack expansion of the eccentric uncoupled charge blasting in the different position of the 5 groups of different loading uncoupling coefficients is carried out. The test shows that when the uncoupling coefficient is 1.57~2, the protective sleeve can effectively control the crack propagation direction of the eccentric decoupling charge.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD235
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