频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换方法研究
发布时间：2018-07-23 17:53
【摘要】：目前,已在全国范围内开展了1:5万的矿产资源大调查,在矿产资源大调查中除矿产调查外还要完成1:5万的地面和航空磁法测量工作。1:5万磁法测量属于中、大比例尺,其受地形起伏和航空飞行起伏的影响较大。在地球物理重、磁测量中,不论是陆地测量或航空测量,其观测面总是一个起伏的曲面,有时还可能是一个间断曲面(比如航磁测量中不同时期飞行资料的衔接处),在这些测点上的重、磁数据经过各项校正之后所得到的重、磁力异常数据仍位于原观测点位(曲面)上。这给重、磁力异常的解释带来了两个方面的困难:第一是成图的困难,这在航磁异常解释中尤为明显。目前的航磁测量飞行是尽量靠近地表面飞行,在山区和平原的交界处就有可能采用两个以上的飞行高度,造成飞行资料出现“断阶”;或不同时期飞行的航磁资料进行拼接,在拼接处也会出现“断阶”现象。其实航空重力数据也存在同样的问题。为了能统一成图,只好采用“调平”的办法强行使其“统一”,这会造成“假异常”出现。第二个困难是因为我们的定性解释是基于平面上的重、磁力异常的特点进行的,而重、磁力异常是位于曲面上的,表现出的有关特征比较复杂,而且与平面上的重、磁力异常特征具有一定的差异,这时如若还继续当成平面上的重、磁力异常来进行定性解释的话,就有可能使得定性解释结果出现偏差。故适应性强、精度高、计算速度快的曲面位场数据处理和转换系统的建立对实际资料的处理和转换是不可或缺的。本文研究依托国土资源部“高精度航空物探调查”计划项目下的“新疆东昆仑祁漫塔格地区1:5万航磁调查”工作项目(1212010913037)之课题“航磁数据曲面处理示范”,以及中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2014G3262010)和长安大学基础研究支持计划专项基金联合资助之下。以适应性强、精度高、计算速度快的曲面位场数据处理和转换方法为研究目标,以“基本原理—技术措施—软件设计—模型测试—实际资料处理”为主线,开展了频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换方法的理论研究和实际应用研究。提出了频率域单层位法,并将该方法与已有的频率域偶层位方法统一形成了频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换方法。推导了频率域等效源法在各种不同计算面情况下的等效面密度求解方法以及处理和转换方法。研究了频率域等效源法曲面位场数据处理和转换方法相关的技术措施。采用结构化程序设计思想进行了软件设计,利用Fortran90高级程序设计语言进行了软件开发。通过理论模型从观测面起伏、场源位置、等效源布置、数据量大小四个方面对频率域等效源法的计算精度、适应性和计算速度进行模型测试。利用山西某地的一小部分实测重力数据和新疆某地的一小部分实测航磁数据对等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换方法的稳定性进行了检验,取得的较好的效果。本文的主要研究成果如下:(1)提出了频率域单层位法曲面位场数据处理和转换方法,该方法适合于重力异常及其各阶混合方向导数的处理和转换;而已有的频率域偶层位曲面位场数据处理和转换方法适合于磁力异常及其各阶混合方向导数的处理和转换。将频率域单层位和偶层位合并形成了频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换方法。本论文系统的研究了频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换方法的基本原理。通过研究认为,频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换方法具有适应性较强和计算速度快的优点,唯一的缺点是不能适用于“强地形”。(2)完善了频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换的有关技术措施,如正演时级数稳定、快速收敛技术,等效源参数反演时稳定、快速收敛技术,单点快速fourier变换技术。重点研究了最小曲率差分迭代格式的滤波特性,通过研究认为非原位迭代格式不收敛,只有原位迭代格式收敛;完善了最小曲率网格数据扩边、补空技术及网格化技术。提出了频率域等效源布置措施和频率域等效源分块处理措施,提高了计算精度和计算速度。这些方法技术措施,不但提高了频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换的稳定性、适应性和精度,而且提高了效率。(3)采用结构化程序设计思想进行了频率域等效源曲面位场数据处理和转换方法的软件设计,利用fortran90高级程序设计语言进行了软件开发。该方法软件可以直接利用位场值(重、磁力异常及其各阶混合方向导数)进行曲面位场数据处理和转换,不但可以实现曲面位场数据的延拓、分量转换、导数换算、磁化方向转换、磁源重力异常计算,还可以同时进行延拓及各种转换。计算结果精度高,计算速度快且具有很好的稳定性。(4)理论模型测试结果表明,频率域等效源法受垂向不连续观测面的起伏影响最大、其次是点距和线距大小的影响,而受场源分布的影响最小,并且受随机干扰的影响也较小。(5)实测资料处理试验显示,频率域等效源法可以应用于实测重力和磁力(航磁)数据的曲面位场数据处理和转换,计算结果稳定。通过本论文的研究,其主要的创新点为:(1)提出了频率域单层位曲面位场数据处理和转换方法,系统的研究了该方法的基本原理、技术措施、软件设计和开发、模型测试以及实际资料处理和转换。(2)利用Fourier频谱分析理论研究了最小曲率差分迭代格式的收敛性问题,通过研究认为非原位迭代格式不收敛,只有原位迭代格式收敛;迭代格式的收敛性不受迭代方向选择的影响。从而完善了最小曲率网格数据扩边、补空以及随机数据网格化方法。(3)提出了频率域分层布置等效源面和分块求解等效面密度的方法技术措施,解决了大数据量的曲面位场数据处理和转换问题。
[Abstract]:At present, a large survey of 1:5 million mineral resources has been carried out throughout the country. In the large investigation of mineral resources, in addition to the mineral investigation, it is also necessary to complete the measurement of the ground and aeromagnetic measurement of 1:5 million by.1:5. The large scale is the large scale, which is greatly influenced by the relief of the terrain and the air flight. On land surveying or aeronautical measurement, the observation surface is always an undulating surface, and sometimes it may be a discontinuous surface (such as the connecting place of the flight data at different periods of aeromagnetic measurements), the weight on these measurements, the weight of the magnetic data after the correction, and the magnetic anomaly data still located on the original observation point (surface). This interpretation brings two difficulties: first is the difficulty of mapping, especially in the aeromagnetic anomaly interpretation. The current aeromagnetic measurement flight is as close to the ground surface as possible, and more than two flying heights may be used at the junction of the mountain and the plain, causing the flight data to appear "break order"; In fact, the aeromagnetic data of the flight will be joined together and the "break order" phenomenon will appear at the stitching. In fact, the same problem exists in the aeronautical gravity data. In order to be able to unify the map, the "leveling" method has to be adopted to make it "unifying". This will result in the emergence of "false abnormality". The second difficulty is due to our qualitative solution. It is based on the characteristics of the heavy and magnetic anomalies on the plane, and the heavy and magnetic anomalies are located on the surface, and the related features are complex, and there are some differences with the gravity and magnetic anomalies on the plane, and if they continue to be regarded as the weight of the plane and the magnetic anomaly will be qualitatively explained, it is possible. It is necessary to process and transform the data processing and transformation of the surface field data processing and conversion system, which has strong adaptability, high precision and fast calculation speed. This paper is based on the "Xinjiang East Kunlun qimintag land" under the project of the "high precision Aero Geophysical Survey" project of the Ministry of land and resources. The project (1212010913037) is the subject of "aeromagnetic data surface processing demonstration" (1212010913037), and jointly funded by the special fund of basic scientific research service (2014G3262010) and the foundation research support program of Chang'an University. The theoretical research and practical application of the method of data processing and conversion in the frequency domain equivalent source surface field are carried out with "basic principles - technical measures - Software Design - model testing - actual data processing" as the main line. The method of frequency domain equivalent source surface field data processing and conversion is formed by the domain couple layer method. The equivalent surface density solution method and the processing and conversion method of the equivalent source method of frequency domain in various different computing surfaces are derived. The technical measures related to the data processing and conversion method of the surface field of the frequency domain equivalent source method are studied. The software design is carried out with the idea of structured programming, and the software development is carried out by Fortran90 advanced programming language. Through the theoretical model, the calculation precision, adaptability and calculation speed of the frequency domain equivalent source method are tested from four aspects: the observation surface fluctuation, the field source position, the equivalent source layout and the data size. The stability of a small part of the measured gravity data in a certain area of Shanxi and the stability of a small part of the measured aeromagnetic data in a certain area of Xinjiang is tested and the stability of the conversion method. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) the data processing and rotation of the surface field of the frequency domain single layer position method are proposed. The method is suitable for the treatment and conversion of the gravity anomaly and the derivative of the mixed direction of each order. The existing data processing and conversion method of the frequency domain even layer surface field data is suitable for the magnetic anomaly and the processing and conversion of the mixed direction derivative of each order. The frequency domain equivalent source curve is formed by combining the frequency domain single layer and the couple layers to form the frequency domain equivalent source curve. The basic principle of the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field in frequency domain is studied in this paper. It is considered that the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field of the frequency domain has the advantages of strong adaptability and fast computation, and the only disadvantage is that it can not be applied to the field. (2) (2) some technical measures for the data processing and conversion of the frequency domain equivalent source surface are perfected, such as the stability of the forward time series, the fast convergence technique, the stability of the inversion of the equivalent source parameters, the fast convergence technique and the single point fast Fourier transform. It is considered that the non in-situ iterative scheme is not convergent, only the in-situ iterative scheme is convergent, and the minimum curvature grid data extension, the supplementary space technology and the grid technology are perfected. The frequency domain equivalent source layout measures and the frequency domain equivalent source block processing measures are proposed to improve the calculation accuracy and calculation speed. These methods not only improve the frequency of the frequency domain, but also improve the frequency of the frequency domain. The stability, adaptability and precision of the data processing and conversion of the rate domain equivalent source surface field data and the efficiency are improved. (3) the software design of the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field of frequency domain is carried out by using the idea of structured programming. The software is developed by using the FORTRAN90 advanced sequence design language. The surface field data processing and conversion can be carried out directly by using the value of the bit field (weight, magnetic anomaly and the derivative of the mixed direction of each order). It can not only realize the extension of the data of the surface field, the component conversion, the derivative conversion, the magnetization direction conversion, the gravity anomaly calculation of the magnetic source, but also carry out the continuation and various kinds of conversion at the same time. The calculation results are of high accuracy and calculation. Fast and good stability. (4) the theoretical model test results show that the frequency domain equivalent source method is most affected by the vertical discontinuous observation surface, followed by the influence of the point distance and the size of the line distance, and the influence of the field source distribution is the smallest, and the effect of random interference is small. (5) the measured data processing test shows that the frequency domain is the frequency domain. The equivalent source method can be applied to the surface field data processing and conversion of measured gravity and magnetic (aeromagnetic) data, and the results are stable. The main innovation points of this paper are as follows: (1) the data processing and conversion method of single bit surface position field in frequency domain is proposed. The basic principle, technical measures and soft measures of this method are studied by the system. Design and development of parts, model testing and actual data processing and conversion. (2) the convergence of the minimum curvature difference iterative scheme is studied by using the Fourier spectrum analysis theory. Through the study, it is considered that the non in-situ iterative scheme is not convergent, only the in-situ iterative scheme converges, and the convergence of the iterative scheme is not influenced by the choice of iterative direction. And the method of minimum curvature grid data expansion, filling and random data meshing is perfected. (3) a method to solve the problem of data processing and transformation of the surface field data of large data is solved by the method of calculating the equivalent source surface and solving the equivalent surface density in the frequency domain.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.222
本文编号：2140178
[Abstract]:At present, a large survey of 1:5 million mineral resources has been carried out throughout the country. In the large investigation of mineral resources, in addition to the mineral investigation, it is also necessary to complete the measurement of the ground and aeromagnetic measurement of 1:5 million by.1:5. The large scale is the large scale, which is greatly influenced by the relief of the terrain and the air flight. On land surveying or aeronautical measurement, the observation surface is always an undulating surface, and sometimes it may be a discontinuous surface (such as the connecting place of the flight data at different periods of aeromagnetic measurements), the weight on these measurements, the weight of the magnetic data after the correction, and the magnetic anomaly data still located on the original observation point (surface). This interpretation brings two difficulties: first is the difficulty of mapping, especially in the aeromagnetic anomaly interpretation. The current aeromagnetic measurement flight is as close to the ground surface as possible, and more than two flying heights may be used at the junction of the mountain and the plain, causing the flight data to appear "break order"; In fact, the aeromagnetic data of the flight will be joined together and the "break order" phenomenon will appear at the stitching. In fact, the same problem exists in the aeronautical gravity data. In order to be able to unify the map, the "leveling" method has to be adopted to make it "unifying". This will result in the emergence of "false abnormality". The second difficulty is due to our qualitative solution. It is based on the characteristics of the heavy and magnetic anomalies on the plane, and the heavy and magnetic anomalies are located on the surface, and the related features are complex, and there are some differences with the gravity and magnetic anomalies on the plane, and if they continue to be regarded as the weight of the plane and the magnetic anomaly will be qualitatively explained, it is possible. It is necessary to process and transform the data processing and transformation of the surface field data processing and conversion system, which has strong adaptability, high precision and fast calculation speed. This paper is based on the "Xinjiang East Kunlun qimintag land" under the project of the "high precision Aero Geophysical Survey" project of the Ministry of land and resources. The project (1212010913037) is the subject of "aeromagnetic data surface processing demonstration" (1212010913037), and jointly funded by the special fund of basic scientific research service (2014G3262010) and the foundation research support program of Chang'an University. The theoretical research and practical application of the method of data processing and conversion in the frequency domain equivalent source surface field are carried out with "basic principles - technical measures - Software Design - model testing - actual data processing" as the main line. The method of frequency domain equivalent source surface field data processing and conversion is formed by the domain couple layer method. The equivalent surface density solution method and the processing and conversion method of the equivalent source method of frequency domain in various different computing surfaces are derived. The technical measures related to the data processing and conversion method of the surface field of the frequency domain equivalent source method are studied. The software design is carried out with the idea of structured programming, and the software development is carried out by Fortran90 advanced programming language. Through the theoretical model, the calculation precision, adaptability and calculation speed of the frequency domain equivalent source method are tested from four aspects: the observation surface fluctuation, the field source position, the equivalent source layout and the data size. The stability of a small part of the measured gravity data in a certain area of Shanxi and the stability of a small part of the measured aeromagnetic data in a certain area of Xinjiang is tested and the stability of the conversion method. The main achievements of this paper are as follows: (1) the data processing and rotation of the surface field of the frequency domain single layer position method are proposed. The method is suitable for the treatment and conversion of the gravity anomaly and the derivative of the mixed direction of each order. The existing data processing and conversion method of the frequency domain even layer surface field data is suitable for the magnetic anomaly and the processing and conversion of the mixed direction derivative of each order. The frequency domain equivalent source curve is formed by combining the frequency domain single layer and the couple layers to form the frequency domain equivalent source curve. The basic principle of the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field in frequency domain is studied in this paper. It is considered that the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field of the frequency domain has the advantages of strong adaptability and fast computation, and the only disadvantage is that it can not be applied to the field. (2) (2) some technical measures for the data processing and conversion of the frequency domain equivalent source surface are perfected, such as the stability of the forward time series, the fast convergence technique, the stability of the inversion of the equivalent source parameters, the fast convergence technique and the single point fast Fourier transform. It is considered that the non in-situ iterative scheme is not convergent, only the in-situ iterative scheme is convergent, and the minimum curvature grid data extension, the supplementary space technology and the grid technology are perfected. The frequency domain equivalent source layout measures and the frequency domain equivalent source block processing measures are proposed to improve the calculation accuracy and calculation speed. These methods not only improve the frequency of the frequency domain, but also improve the frequency of the frequency domain. The stability, adaptability and precision of the data processing and conversion of the rate domain equivalent source surface field data and the efficiency are improved. (3) the software design of the method of data processing and conversion of the equivalent source surface field of frequency domain is carried out by using the idea of structured programming. The software is developed by using the FORTRAN90 advanced sequence design language. The surface field data processing and conversion can be carried out directly by using the value of the bit field (weight, magnetic anomaly and the derivative of the mixed direction of each order). It can not only realize the extension of the data of the surface field, the component conversion, the derivative conversion, the magnetization direction conversion, the gravity anomaly calculation of the magnetic source, but also carry out the continuation and various kinds of conversion at the same time. The calculation results are of high accuracy and calculation. Fast and good stability. (4) the theoretical model test results show that the frequency domain equivalent source method is most affected by the vertical discontinuous observation surface, followed by the influence of the point distance and the size of the line distance, and the influence of the field source distribution is the smallest, and the effect of random interference is small. (5) the measured data processing test shows that the frequency domain is the frequency domain. The equivalent source method can be applied to the surface field data processing and conversion of measured gravity and magnetic (aeromagnetic) data, and the results are stable. The main innovation points of this paper are as follows: (1) the data processing and conversion method of single bit surface position field in frequency domain is proposed. The basic principle, technical measures and soft measures of this method are studied by the system. Design and development of parts, model testing and actual data processing and conversion. (2) the convergence of the minimum curvature difference iterative scheme is studied by using the Fourier spectrum analysis theory. Through the study, it is considered that the non in-situ iterative scheme is not convergent, only the in-situ iterative scheme converges, and the convergence of the iterative scheme is not influenced by the choice of iterative direction. And the method of minimum curvature grid data expansion, filling and random data meshing is perfected. (3) a method to solve the problem of data processing and transformation of the surface field data of large data is solved by the method of calculating the equivalent source surface and solving the equivalent surface density in the frequency domain.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P631.222
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 王万银,潘作枢;曲面位场数据处理及转换的三角函数法[J];物探与化探;1997年03期
，本文编号：2140178
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