特厚煤层上向分层长壁逐巷胶结充填开采覆岩移动控制机理研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 17:14
【摘要】：经过多年的发展,厚煤层已经成为我国煤炭开采中的主力煤层,可占总产量的45%左右,因此“三下”等特殊地质条件下厚煤层的开采是一直以来备受关注的问题。尤其是厚度为8 m以上的特厚煤层,由于自身厚度大,开采过程对覆岩的破坏严重,岩层控制难度很大。尽管充填开采已被证明是开采“三下”压煤的有效途径,但是目前尚未形成一套成熟的可以实现特厚煤层高回采率和高充实率的充填开采方法。鉴于此,本文针对特厚煤层提出了上向分层长壁逐巷胶结充填开采技术方法,采用实验室试验、力学分析、物理模拟、数值模拟及现场应用相结合的研究方法,分析了该方法中的关键技术参数如开采联络巷合理间距和充填挡墙侧压力,研发了配套的胶结充填材料并研究了配比对材料流变及力学性能的影响规律,研究了采用此种方法开采特厚煤层的过程中顶板控制机理,分析了各分层开采覆岩移动破坏和采场矿压显现规律,并将研究成果进行了工程应用。论文取得的创新性成果如下:(1)研发了采用矸石、粉煤灰及混合胶结料为原料的胶结充填材料,采用以坍落度换算屈服应力的方法研究了配比对材料流变性能的影响规律,得到了在配比和养护龄期耦合作用下充填材料强度和泊松比的演化特征,以实测数据为基础建立了基于改进的BP神经网络的胶结充填材料性能预测模型,揭示了各影响因素的作用机理。(2)建立了顶板动态非均匀组合弹性地基梁模型,研究了各分层开采过程中顶板移动变形特征,揭示了特厚煤层上向分层长壁逐巷胶结充填开采顶板移动控制机理,提出了开采不同分层数对应的充填材料性能要求;并基于胶结充填材料流变性能的时间相关特性,计算得出了充填挡墙侧压力随时间的演化规律。(3)采用物理模拟和数值模拟相结合的方法,分析了不同分层开采过程中的覆岩垂直位移、裂隙发育和应力演化规律,揭示了采用上向分层长壁逐巷胶结充填技术开采特厚煤层时覆岩移动破坏与采场矿压控制原理,研究表明第五分层和第六分层开采对覆岩造成的扰动明显大于之前各分层的开采。(4)提出了特厚煤层上向分层长壁逐巷充填开采技术方法,设计了与此方法相配套的生产系统和开采工艺,并成功应用于公格营子煤矿含水层下厚度为21 m的特厚煤层开采实践,现场实测数据表明工程应用效果良好。
[Abstract]:After years of development, thick coal seam has become the main coal seam in coal mining in China, which can account for about 45% of the total production. Therefore, the mining of thick coal seam under special geological conditions such as "Sanxia" has always been a problem of great concern. Especially for the extra thick coal seam with thickness of more than 8 m, because of its large thickness, the mining process has serious damage to the overburden rock, and it is very difficult to control the strata. Although the backfill mining has been proved to be an effective way to extract the "three down" coal, there is not yet a set of mature filling mining methods which can realize the high recovery rate and the high enrichment rate of the extra thick coal seam. In view of this, this paper puts forward the technology of cemented filling mining for the super thick coal seam, which combines laboratory test, mechanical analysis, physical simulation, numerical simulation and field application, using the method of cementing and filling mining method of upward stratified long wall by roadway, using the method of combining laboratory test, mechanical analysis, physical simulation, numerical simulation and field application. The key technical parameters of this method, such as reasonable spacing of mining joint roadway and side pressure of filling retaining wall, are analyzed. The matching cemented filling materials are developed and the influence of proportioning on material rheology and mechanical properties is studied. The mechanism of roof control in the process of mining extra thick coal seam with this method is studied. The law of overburden movement and failure and stope pressure behavior in each layer mining are analyzed, and the research results are applied in engineering. The innovative results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) the cemented filling materials using gangue, fly ash and mixed binder as raw materials are developed, and the effect of proportioning on the rheological properties of the materials is studied by the method of slump conversion yield stress. The evolution characteristics of the strength and Poisson's ratio of filling materials under the coupling of ratio and curing age are obtained. Based on the measured data, the performance prediction model of cemented filling materials based on improved BP neural network is established. The mechanism of the influence factors is revealed. (2) the dynamic composite elastic foundation beam model of roof is established, and the characteristics of roof movement and deformation during the mining process are studied. This paper reveals the control mechanism of roof movement in cemented filling mining with long wall by roadway, and puts forward the performance requirements of filling material corresponding to different layers of mining, and based on the time-dependent characteristics of rheological properties of cemented filling materials, The evolution law of lateral pressure of filling retaining wall with time is obtained. (3) the vertical displacement, crack development and stress evolution of overburden in different stratified mining process are analyzed by combining physical simulation with numerical simulation. This paper reveals the principle of overlying rock movement destruction and stope pressure control when mining extra thick coal seam by cemented filling technology of upward stratified long wall by roadway. The study shows that the disturbance caused by the fifth and sixth stratification mining to the overburden rock is obviously greater than that of the previous stratified mining. (4) the technique of filling up the long wall of the super thick coal seam by roadway is put forward. The production system and mining technology matched with this method are designed and successfully applied to the mining practice of the super-thick coal seam with a thickness of 21 m under the aquifer of Gonggeyingzi Coal Mine. The field measured data show that the engineering application effect is good.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD325;TD823.7
，
本文编号：2292022
[Abstract]:After years of development, thick coal seam has become the main coal seam in coal mining in China, which can account for about 45% of the total production. Therefore, the mining of thick coal seam under special geological conditions such as "Sanxia" has always been a problem of great concern. Especially for the extra thick coal seam with thickness of more than 8 m, because of its large thickness, the mining process has serious damage to the overburden rock, and it is very difficult to control the strata. Although the backfill mining has been proved to be an effective way to extract the "three down" coal, there is not yet a set of mature filling mining methods which can realize the high recovery rate and the high enrichment rate of the extra thick coal seam. In view of this, this paper puts forward the technology of cemented filling mining for the super thick coal seam, which combines laboratory test, mechanical analysis, physical simulation, numerical simulation and field application, using the method of cementing and filling mining method of upward stratified long wall by roadway, using the method of combining laboratory test, mechanical analysis, physical simulation, numerical simulation and field application. The key technical parameters of this method, such as reasonable spacing of mining joint roadway and side pressure of filling retaining wall, are analyzed. The matching cemented filling materials are developed and the influence of proportioning on material rheology and mechanical properties is studied. The mechanism of roof control in the process of mining extra thick coal seam with this method is studied. The law of overburden movement and failure and stope pressure behavior in each layer mining are analyzed, and the research results are applied in engineering. The innovative results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) the cemented filling materials using gangue, fly ash and mixed binder as raw materials are developed, and the effect of proportioning on the rheological properties of the materials is studied by the method of slump conversion yield stress. The evolution characteristics of the strength and Poisson's ratio of filling materials under the coupling of ratio and curing age are obtained. Based on the measured data, the performance prediction model of cemented filling materials based on improved BP neural network is established. The mechanism of the influence factors is revealed. (2) the dynamic composite elastic foundation beam model of roof is established, and the characteristics of roof movement and deformation during the mining process are studied. This paper reveals the control mechanism of roof movement in cemented filling mining with long wall by roadway, and puts forward the performance requirements of filling material corresponding to different layers of mining, and based on the time-dependent characteristics of rheological properties of cemented filling materials, The evolution law of lateral pressure of filling retaining wall with time is obtained. (3) the vertical displacement, crack development and stress evolution of overburden in different stratified mining process are analyzed by combining physical simulation with numerical simulation. This paper reveals the principle of overlying rock movement destruction and stope pressure control when mining extra thick coal seam by cemented filling technology of upward stratified long wall by roadway. The study shows that the disturbance caused by the fifth and sixth stratification mining to the overburden rock is obviously greater than that of the previous stratified mining. (4) the technique of filling up the long wall of the super thick coal seam by roadway is put forward. The production system and mining technology matched with this method are designed and successfully applied to the mining practice of the super-thick coal seam with a thickness of 21 m under the aquifer of Gonggeyingzi Coal Mine. The field measured data show that the engineering application effect is good.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD325;TD823.7
，
本文编号：2292022
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/kuangye/2292022.html
