露天矿边坡位移三维激光扫描监测技术研究

发布时间：2019-06-28 13:24

【摘要】：三维激光扫描技术最早出现于20世纪90年代中期,它是一种点对面的测量方式,它通过高速激光扫描就可以获得被测目标表面海量的三维点云数据。由于其具有测量速度快,主动非接触性,实时获得海量高密度、高精度点云数据等优点而广泛应用于各行各业。论文通过对三维激光扫描技术及其相关理论的介绍,并结合具体的露天矿边坡位移监测项目,探索了三维激光扫描技术在露天矿边坡位移监测领域应用的理论与方法。论文详细地介绍了三维激光扫描技术相关的理论基础,并在介绍云数据处理方法方法中,重点阐述了常用的散乱点云数据去噪算法——拉普拉斯去噪算法和双边滤波算法,并利用C++编程语言与Opengl三维开发包进行编程,实现点云数据去噪处理,并分析了两种算法的优缺点。论文结合某露天矿边坡监测项目采用三维激光扫描监测技术对露天矿边坡位移进行监测并分析其形变。论文通过多期扫描对获得的点云数据进行处理,构建露天矿边坡不同监测日期的DEM模型,又再通过对多时相DEM的匹配,探测不同日期构建的DEM差异,确定边坡变形区域及形变量的大小,从宏观上把握边坡整体移动趋势。论文通过对所采用方法的详细分析及论证,确定数据的可靠性性及方法的可行性,为露天矿地表边坡位移监测提供新的思路与方法。
[Abstract]:3D laser scanning technology first appeared in the mid-1990s. It is a kind of measurement method opposite the point. It can obtain a large amount of three-dimensional point cloud data on the surface of the target by high-speed laser scanning. Because of its fast measurement speed, active non-contact, real-time acquisition of massive high density, high precision point cloud data and other advantages, it is widely used in various industries. Based on the introduction of 3D laser scanning technology and its related theories, and combined with the concrete slope displacement monitoring project of open pit mine, the theory and method of 3D laser scanning technology in the field of open pit slope displacement monitoring are explored in this paper. In this paper, the theoretical basis of 3D laser scanning technology is introduced in detail, and in the introduction of cloud data processing methods, Laplacian denoising algorithm and bilateral filtering algorithm, which are commonly used in scattered point cloud data denoising algorithm, are described in detail. C programming language and Opengl 3D development package are used to program the point cloud data denoising processing, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two algorithms are analyzed. In this paper, 3D laser scanning monitoring technology is used to monitor the slope displacement and analyze the deformation of an open pit slope monitoring project. In this paper, the point cloud data obtained by multi-stage scanning are processed, and the DEM model of different monitoring dates of open pit slope is constructed. Through the matching of multi-temporal DEM, the difference of DEM constructed on different dates is detected, the deformation area and shape variable of slope are determined, and the overall movement trend of slope is grasped macroscopically. Through the detailed analysis and demonstration of the methods adopted, this paper determines the reliability of the data and the feasibility of the method, and provides a new idea and method for the monitoring of surface slope displacement in open pit mines.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD854.6

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