石墨烯及其复合材料纳米力学研究进展

发布时间：2019-01-20 08:44

【摘要】：石墨烯是一种由碳原子构成的二维晶体,是目前已知最薄但却有着极高强度的纳米材料.由于在强度、导热性、电子输运和光学上显示出不同寻常的特性,石墨烯迅速成为材料科学、物理、化学和力学等学科的研究热点.与此同时,石墨烯复合材料的研究也迅速兴起.论文综述了近年来石墨烯及其复合材料的力学特性的研究进展.根据力学行为的差异,我们主要阐述了石墨烯面内力学特性、离面力学特性、原子尺度修饰和石墨烯复合材料力学特性的研究进展:石墨烯的面内拉伸力学特性通过纳米压痕等技术得到了测量,其断裂行为在微纳尺度下不能完全使用连续介质力学模型进行解释,在多层石墨烯情况下会出现超润滑现象;石墨烯的可控离面位移对于改变其物理特性有重要的意义,石墨烯上的屈曲受到手性和尺度的影响,在高频器件中存在着非连续性的离面响应;适当的原子尺度修饰可以改善石墨烯的拉伸和扭转力学特性;石墨烯可以改善复合材料的力学特性,如提高强度、韧性等,其主要强化效应是通过与基体材料的离面、面内力学行为结合产生的.最后,论文对石墨烯及其复合材料的力学研究进行了总结和展望.
[Abstract]:Graphene is a two-dimensional crystal composed of carbon atoms. Because of its unusual properties in strength, thermal conductivity, electron transport and optics, graphene has rapidly become a research hotspot in materials science, physics, chemistry and mechanics. At the same time, the study of graphene composites is also rising rapidly. This paper reviews the recent progress in the study of the mechanical properties of graphene and its composites. According to the difference of mechanical behavior, we mainly expound the in-plane and off-plane mechanical properties of graphene. Progress in the study of Atomic scale Modification and Mechanical Properties of Graphene Composites: the in-plane tensile mechanical properties of graphene were measured by nano-indentation and other techniques. The fracture behavior can not be fully explained by the continuum mechanics model at the micro- and nanoscale scale, and the phenomenon of superlubrication will occur in the case of multilayer graphene. The controllable off-plane displacement of graphene plays an important role in changing the physical properties of graphene. The buckling on graphene is affected by chirality and scale, and there is a discontinuous off-plane response in high-frequency devices. The tensile and torsional mechanical properties of graphene can be improved by proper atomic scale modification. Graphene can improve the mechanical properties of composites, such as increasing strength, toughness, etc. The main strengthening effect of graphene is through the combination of mechanical behavior in plane and plane with the matrix material. Finally, the mechanical research of graphene and its composites is summarized and prospected.
【作者单位】：中国科学院材料力学行为与设计重点实验室中国科学技术大学近代力学系;
【基金】：国家杰出青年科学基金(11525211)资助
【分类号】：O341

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