蚯蚓粪对豇豆根际土壤生物学特征及微生物活性的影响

发布时间：2017-12-27 03:37

本文关键词：蚯蚓粪对豇豆根际土壤生物学特征及微生物活性的影响　出处：《浙江农业学报》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：通过大田试验,研究CK(对照,不施肥)、CF(单施化肥)、VC(蚯蚓粪)和VC+CF(蚯蚓粪和化肥各提供50%的氮)处理对豇豆根际土壤微生物数量、微生物量碳、根系分级、根系分泌物、微生物呼吸及代谢熵的影响。结果表明:与CF处理相比,VC+CF处理显著增加了根际土壤微生物数量与微生物量碳,其中细菌数分别较CK,CF和VC处理增加124.13%,70.48%和17.83%。施用蚯蚓粪明显促进了豇豆根系的生长,尤其增加了毛细根的数量及在根体系中的比例。同时,VC+CF处理还显著提高了根际土壤中根系分泌物含量,并增强了土壤微生物呼吸作用,但降低了代谢熵,其中,土壤微生物呼吸分别比CK,CF和VC处理增加64.91%,36.23%和16.05%,而代谢熵分别下降10.85%,9.06%和5.32%。与VC+CF处理相比,VC处理对豇豆根际土壤微域的影响较小。综上,施用蚯蚓粪相比单施化肥能明显改善豇豆根际土壤的微生态环境,且能显著增强土壤微生物活性,尤以蚯蚓粪与化肥配施的效果更优。
[Abstract]:Through field test, CK (control, no fertilizer), CF (chemical fertilizer), VC (vermicompost) and VC+CF (vermicast and provide 50% of the nitrogen fertilizer) treatment on soil microorganism in rhizosphere of cowpea root quantity, microbial biomass carbon, grading, root exudates, microbial respiration and metabolic entropy effect. The results showed that compared with CF treatment, VC+CF treatment significantly increased rhizosphere soil microbial biomass and microbial biomass carbon, and the number of bacteria increased by 124.13%, 70.48% and 17.83% compared with CK, CF and VC treatments. The application of earthworm feces significantly promoted the growth of the root system of cowpea, especially the number of capillary roots and the proportion of the root system in the root system. At the same time, VC+CF treatment also significantly increased root exudates content in rhizosphere soil, and increased soil respiration, but reduced metabolic entropy, the soil microbial respiration was higher than CK, CF and VC treatment increased 64.91%, 36.23% and 16.05% respectively, the metabolic quotient decreased 10.85%, 9.06% and 5.32%. Compared with the VC+CF treatment, the effect of VC treatment on the soil microdomain of the rhizosphere soil of cowpea was less. In conclusion, the application of earthworm dung compared with chemical fertilizer alone can significantly improve the microecological environment of cowpea rhizosphere soil, and significantly enhance soil microbial activity, especially with the combination of earthworm manure and chemical fertilizer.
【作者单位】：德州市农业科学研究院;德州学院生态与园林建筑学院;
【基金】：山东省农业良种工程项目([2013]207号)
【分类号】：S643.4;S154
【正文快照】： 豇豆的蛋白质含量在24%左右,富含磷、铁、钙、维生素、纤维素等营养成分,并含多种氨基酸,尤其是赖氨酸与色氨酸含量较高,可以弥补禾谷类粮食的不足,是我国和东南亚许多国家的重要豆类蔬菜作物[1]。豇豆比大多数豆类作物适应性强,耐热,经济效益较好,是近40年来发展较快的豆类作

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