减氮条件下秸秆炭化与直接还田对旱地作物产量及综合温室效应的影响

发布时间：2017-12-27 06:07

  本文关键词：减氮条件下秸秆炭化与直接还田对旱地作物产量及综合温室效应的影响　出处：《南京农业大学学报》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

  更多相关文章： 旱地 生物质炭 减施氮肥 作物产量 综合温室效应

【摘要】：[目的]本文旨在研究秸秆及生物质炭形式还田下减施氮肥对旱地作物生产及温室效应影响,以期为农业低碳生产及秸秆资源化利用提供依据。[方法]本研究选取华北平原典型旱地土壤(褐土)为研究对象,设置不同施氮水平并配合秸秆直接还田与生物质炭还田施用,对连续两个作物生长季(玉米-小麦)的产量及温室气体排放进行观测。共设置了7个施肥处理:1)不施肥处理(CK);2)常规秸秆还田配施全量化肥氮处理(SN100);3)秸秆还田配施化肥减氮10%处理(SN90);4)秸秆还田配施化肥减氮20%处理(SN80);5)生物质炭配施全量化肥氮处理(BN100);6)生物质炭配施化肥减氮10%处理(BN90);7)生物质炭还田配施化肥减氮20%处理(BN80)。采用静态箱-气相色谱法,在玉米-小麦轮作体系中进行全生育期土壤温室气体排放观测,并测定作物产量。[结果]在保持作物产量稳定的条件下,秸秆两种还田方式均可降低10%~20%的氮肥施用,但秸秆还田配合氮肥减施对作物产量的影响因作物类型而异。减施氮肥显著影响土壤温室气体排放,N2O随氮肥施用量减少显著降低;CH4排放主要表现为弱吸收汇;而秸秆还田处理的CO2排放随氮肥的减少而呈增加趋势,对应生物质炭还田处理的CO2排放变化趋势相反。进一步结合作物产量分析表明,相对于常规秸秆还田措施,秸秆直接还田和炭化还田配合氮肥减施可使土壤温室气体排放强度(GHGI)分别降低36.40%~40.48%和40.48%~53.50%。[结论]生物质炭还田可在稳定旱地作物产量的前提下实现氮肥减施与低碳生产。
[Abstract]:[Objective] the purpose of this study is to study the effect of reducing nitrogen application on dry land crop production and greenhouse effect under straw and biomass carbon return, so as to provide evidence for agricultural low carbon production and straw resource utilization. [method] this study selected typical upland soil (cinnamon soil) in the North China Plain as the research object, and set up different nitrogen levels and combined straw direct application and biochar application, and observed the yield and greenhouse gas emissions of two consecutive crops growing season (corn wheat). Set up a total of 7 treatments: 1) no fertilization (CK); 2) conventional straw fertilizer nitrogen chemical fertilizer (SN100); 3) straw fertilizer 10% reduction in nitrogen treatment (SN90); 4) straw fertilizer 20% reduction in nitrogen treatment (SN80); 5) the biomass carbon fertilizer all quantitative fertilizer nitrogen treatment (BN100); 6) biomass carbon fertilizer 10% reduction in nitrogen treatment (BN90); 7) biomass carbon to soil fertilizer 20% reduction in nitrogen treatment (BN80). The static box - gas chromatography (GC) was used to observe the soil greenhouse gas emission during the whole growth period and determine the crop yield in the corn - wheat rotation system. [result] under the condition of keeping crop yield stable, two ways of straw returning could reduce the nitrogen application of 10%~20%. However, the influence of straw returning and nitrogen application on crop yield varied with crop type. Reduction of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on soil N2O emissions of greenhouse gases, with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer decreased significantly decreased; CH4 emission mainly a weak sink; straw processing CO2 emissions decreased with nitrogen fertilizer increased, CO2 emissions corresponding to the change of biomass carbon to soil treatment contrary trend. Further analysis showed that the combination of crop yield, compared with the conventional straw, straw returning and reducing nitrogen fertilizer can make carbonization and returning with the intensity of greenhouse gas emission (GHGI) decreased 36.40%~40.48% and 40.48%~53.50% respectively. [Conclusion] the biomass carbon return field can achieve the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer and low carbon production on the premise of stabilizing the yield of dryland crops.
【正文快照】： 南京农业大学学报 2016 ， 39 ( 6 ) : 986－995 http : / /nauxb．njau．edu．cn Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University DOI : 10．7685 / jnau．201603033 逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄逄，

本文编号：1340534