基于遥感的吉林省中西部耕地数量和质量空间格局变化分析

发布时间：2017-12-31 10:23

本文关键词：基于遥感的吉林省中西部耕地数量和质量空间格局变化分析　出处：《农业工程学报》2016年13期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：耕地数量和质量变化直接关系到国家粮食安全和社会稳定,研究粮食主产区耕地数量和质量变化具有重要的现实意义。该研究利用2000年、2013年Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感数据和2351个样点土壤实测数据,对吉林省中西部耕地分布的空间变化和由此引起的不同质量等级耕地的时空特征进行分析。结果表明:2000—2013年期间,吉林省中西部耕地总量稍有增加,面积由5.61×104 km2增加到5.64×104 km~2,其中旱田面积增加645 km2,水田面积减少350 km~2。研究区耕地分布表现出明显的西部增加、东部减少的趋势;新增耕地最主要来源于湿地(66.04%)和草地(21.12%),传统耕作区(主要为城市周边)耕地大面积减少,其中45.08%转化为人工表面,28.85%和22.61%转化为林地和湿地;水田与旱田之间的相互转化比较剧烈。2000—2013年期间,研究区耕地质量总体呈下降趋势,净减少的耕地为一、二等地,其中一等地净减少305 km~2,长春市占96%,净增加的耕地是三、四和五等地,分别为235、148和218 km~2,主要分布在白城市和松原市。城市化占用和耕地保护政策的实施是该区域耕地数量和质量变化的主要驱动因素,研究时段内吉林省中西部优质耕地流失严重,存在突出的占优补劣问题。
[Abstract]:The change of cultivated land quantity and quality is directly related to the national food security and social stability. It is of great practical significance to study the change of cultivated land quantity and quality in the main grain producing areas. In 2013, Landsat TM/ETM / Oli remote sensing data and 2351 soil samples were measured. The spatial variation of cultivated land distribution in central and western Jilin Province and the space-time characteristics of cultivated land of different quality grades caused by it are analyzed. The results show that the period from 2000 to 2013 is from 2000 to 2013. The total cultivated land in central and western Jilin Province increased slightly, from 5.61 脳 10 ~ 4 km2 to 5.64 脳 10 ~ 4 km ~ (2), in which the dry land area increased by 645 km2. The area of paddy field decreased by 350 km2. 2. The distribution of cultivated land in the study area showed an obvious trend of increasing in the west and decreasing in the east; The most important source of the new cultivated land was from the wetland 66.04) and the grassland was 21.120.The cultivated land in the traditional farming area (mainly around the city) decreased greatly, and 45.08% of the cultivated land was converted into artificial surface. 28.85% and 22.61% were converted into woodland and wetland; From 2000 to 2013, the quality of cultivated land in the study area showed an overall downward trend, and the net decrease of cultivated land was first and second grade. The first class of land decreased by 305km2, Changchun accounted for 96cm, and the net increase of cultivated land was three, four and five, which were 235,148 and 218 km~2, respectively. It is mainly distributed in Baicheng and Songyuan. The urbanization occupation and the implementation of cultivated land protection policy are the main driving factors of the change of cultivated land quantity and quality in this region, and the loss of high-quality cultivated land in the central and western parts of Jilin Province is serious during the period of study. There is a prominent problem of superiority and inferiority.
【作者单位】：中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室;中国科学院大学;赤峰学院;
【基金】：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050101)
【分类号】：S159.2;S127
【正文快照】： 欧阳玲,王宗明,贾明明,毛德华,刘明月,任春颖,满卫东.基于遥感的吉林省中西部耕地数量和质量空间格局变化分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(13):234-242.doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.13.034 http://www.tcsae.orgOuyang Ling,Wang Zongming,Jia Mingming,Mao Dehua,Liu M

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