基于van Genuchten模型的渭北苹果园土壤水分能量特征分析

发布时间：2018-01-03 22:06

  本文关键词：基于van Genuchten模型的渭北苹果园土壤水分能量特征分析　出处：《农业工程学报》2016年19期 　论文类型：期刊论文

  更多相关文章： 土壤 水分 果园 van Genuchten模型 水吸力 土壤水分特征曲线 渭北旱塬

【摘要】：针对渭北地区干旱缺水,果树生长发育受限的客观实际,开展了苹果树生育期0~150 cm土壤水吸力动态变化规律研究。依据渭北果园土壤剖面构型,将离心机法与水汽平衡法相结合,按照发生学土层,逐层测定了供试土壤水分特征曲线,并用van Genuchten模型拟合。基于该模型,将在幼龄果园、老龄果园以及农田定期逐层监测的土壤水分含量转化为土壤水吸力,以农田为对照,评价植果条件下土壤水分的胁迫状况。结果表明,van Genuchten模型能很好地拟合渭北果园耕层、农田耕层、黑垆土层及黄土母质层的水分特征曲线,拟合精度均达0.96以上。渭北地区农田受干旱胁迫较严重,3月中旬-7月初,0~100 cm土层均处于水吸力高于3.98的重度胁迫状态;受植被冠层覆盖及果树生育期的影响,干旱对果树的胁迫程度较农田小,对老龄果园胁迫程度比对幼龄果园的大,幼龄果园在3月中旬-5月初、5月底-7月初仅0~20 cm土层为高水吸力区,直至6月中旬-7月中旬高水吸力区才延伸到40~70 cm土层;老龄果园在3月中旬-4月底的0~40 cm土层、5月底-7月中旬的30~100 cm土层和7月中旬-8月底的0~20 cm土层为高水吸力区。可得出,渭北不同园龄苹果园在不同生育期的不同深度土层会间歇性地出现高水吸力的土壤水分胁迫区,但相对于农田而言,果园受到的干旱胁迫相对较轻,渭北地区植果有助于缓解干旱胁迫。
[Abstract]:In view of the objective reality of drought and water shortage and limited growth and development of fruit trees in Weibei region, the dynamic changes of soil water suction in 0 ~ 150cm soil during the growth period of apple trees were studied, according to the soil profile configuration of Weibei orchard. Combining centrifuge method with water vapor equilibrium method, the characteristic curves of soil moisture were measured layer by layer according to the phylogenetic soil layer, and fitted with van Genuchten model. The soil moisture content in young orchard, old orchard and farmland was transformed into soil water suction. The soil water stress was evaluated under the condition of fruit planting. The van Genuchten model can fit well the water characteristic curves of the cultivated layer of Weibei orchard, the cultivated layer of farmland, the layer of black loessial soil and the layer of loess parent material. The fitting accuracy was above 0.96.The farmland in Weibei area was seriously under drought stress, and the soil layer of 0 ~ 100cm was in the condition of water suction higher than 3.98 from middle of March to early July. Under the influence of canopy cover and growth period of fruit trees, drought had less stress on fruit trees than on farmland, and greater stress on old orchard than on young orchard. Young orchard was from middle of March to early May. From the end of May to the beginning of July, the soil layer of 0 ~ 20 cm is the high water suction area, and the high water suction area from middle of June to middle of July does not extend to the 400-70 cm soil layer. The aged orchard was in the 0 ~ (40 cm) soil layer at the end of middle of March ~ April. The soil layer of 30 ~ 100cm from May to middle of July and 0 ~ 20cm from middle of July to August is a high water suction zone. The apple orchard of different orchard ages in Weibei periodically appeared high water suction soil water stress area in different depth soil layer of different growth period, but the drought stress of orchard was relatively light compared with farmland. Planting fruit in Weibei area is helpful to alleviate drought stress.
【作者单位】： 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;陕西省土地工程建设集团;西北大学城市与环境学院;
【分类号】：S152.7
【正文快照】： 张露,王益权,韩霁昌,石宗琳,焦彩强,庞国伟.基于van Genuchten模型的渭北苹果园土壤水分能量特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(19):120-126.doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.19.017 http://www.tcsae.orgZhang Lu,Wang Yiquan,Han Jichang,Shi Zonglin,Jiao Caiqiang,Pan，

本文编号：1375779