不同辅料对蚕沙堆肥的影响

发布时间：2018-01-04 05:28

本文关键词：不同辅料对蚕沙堆肥的影响　出处：《华南农业大学学报》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：【目的】实现蚕沙的无害化处理和资源化利用。【方法】以新鲜蚕沙为原料分别按质量比添加5.21%熟石灰、0.20%EM菌剂和10%桑枝屑,以未添加任何物质的新鲜蚕沙为对照,制定4种好氧堆肥体系,分析堆肥过程中的理化指标及微生物菌落数量的动态变化。【结果】添加5.21%的熟石灰使堆体温度升至50℃的时间比对照推迟了5 d,堆体pH比有机肥标准高1.05,细菌菌落数减少,但有利于真菌和放线菌的繁殖,使堆体有机质含量下降、全氮量增加和含水率下降显著。添加0.20%EM菌剂,使全磷含量比对照增加了28%,有利于提高细菌菌落数,但真菌在堆肥中、后期的繁殖受影响,放线菌在整个堆肥期繁殖都受影响,其他指标的变化与对照差别不大。添加10%桑枝屑能使堆体含水率比对照降低40%,造成温度偏高而不利于真菌和放线菌的繁殖,其碳氮比的下降亦显著低于其他堆体,同时会造成堆体pH高0.66。4个堆体发芽指数均超过100%;堆体在50℃以上持续的时间均超过7 d。【结论】经堆肥处理后,4个堆体均可以使蚕沙达到资源化利用的要求。
[Abstract]:[Objective] to realize silkworm excrement harmless treatment and resource utilization. [method] with fresh silkworm as raw materials respectively according to the mass ratio of adding 5.21% slaked lime, 0.20%EM agent and 10% mulberry crumbs, did not add any substance to the fresh silkworm were developed 4 kinds of aerobic composting system, the dynamic changes of physicochemical index and quantity microbial analysis in the composting process. [results] adding 5.21% lime to pile temperature to 50 DEG C time delayed 5 d than the control, pH pile is 1.05 higher than the standard of organic fertilizer, reducing the number of bacterial colonies, but is conducive to the breeding of fungi and actinomycetes, made organic matter content decreased, total nitrogen content increased and water content decreased significantly. Adding 0.20%EM agent, the total phosphorus content increased 28%, is conducive to the improvement of the number of bacterial colonies, but fungi in composting, late breeding affected actinomycetes in the whole compost breeding period Affected by the changes of other indexes with the control difference. Adding 10% mulberry sawdust can make the pile body water content decreased by 40%, resulting in high temperature and is not conducive to the reproduction of fungi and actinomycetes, the decrease of carbon nitrogen ratio is significantly lower than that of the other pile, at the same time will cause the pile 0.66.4 pile pH germination indexes were more than 100%; the pile continued in 50 degrees Celsius above the time was more than 7 d. [Conclusion] after composting, 4 pile can make the silkworm to resource utilization requirements.

【作者单位】：华南农业大学动物科学学院;
【基金】：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-22)
【分类号】：S141.4
【正文快照】： 蚕沙也叫蚕粪,是养蚕过程中的废弃物,平均每张蚕种可出风干蚕沙60 kg左右[1]。我国年养蚕种约1 500万~2 000万张,养蚕所产出的蚕沙数量非常大。目前蚕沙除极少部分用于提取叶绿素、生产维生素K外[2-3],许多资源不仅没有得到很好的开发利用,而且还因为蚕沙的随意倾倒而污染农村

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