不同玉米栽培模式对中温带典型暗棕壤腐殖质组成的短期影响

发布时间：2018-01-04 10:58

本文关键词：不同玉米栽培模式对中温带典型暗棕壤腐殖质组成的短期影响　出处：《东北林业大学学报》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为探讨不同玉米栽培模式对中温带典型暗棕壤腐殖质组分数量及结构的短期影响,以吉林省磐石市实施3 a的定位栽培试验为供试对象,分别研究高光效休耕轮作栽培(HPE)、地膜覆盖的高光效休耕轮作栽培(PM-HPE)、宽窄行交替休闲栽培(WNR),以及农民等垄宽常规栽培(CC)下各栽培模式的种植带和休耕带两个功能区对暗棕壤总有机碳、水溶性物质、胡富质量分数比(w(C_(HA))∶w(C_(FA)))、胡敏素以及胡敏酸、富里酸溶液光学性质(E_4/E_6与△log K值)差异的影响,结果表明:(1)休闲栽培措施在短期内易使暗棕壤总有机碳发生矿化,但其对水溶性物质及其占总有机碳中比例的提高具有促进作用,其中PM-HPE模式对水溶性物质的保蓄效果最佳。休闲栽培下密植玉米的种植带对水溶性物质含量有所消耗,使更多水溶性物质固存在休耕带;(2)休闲栽培更有利于暗棕壤胡敏酸质量分数的消耗以及富里酸组分的累积,使其腐殖质活性增加、品质降低。适度休耕能够在一定程度上缓解胡敏酸相对比例的损失,更有利于腐殖质品质的稳定。休耕有利于腐殖质结构向简单化方向进行,而在种植带,暗棕壤富里酸分子有进一步缩合的趋势;(3)高光效栽培促进了微生物对胡敏素的矿化分解。
[Abstract]:In order to study the short term effect of different maize cultivation models on the quantity and structure of humus in typical dark brown soil in the middle temperate zone, Panshi City, Jilin Province, was tested in 3 years. In this paper, we studied the cultivation of HPEN with high light efficiency fallow rotation, PM-HPEP with plastic film mulching, and WNR with wide and narrow rows alternately. And the cultivation zones and fallow zones of different cultivation patterns under the same ridge width conventional cultivation (CCC) were applied to the total organic carbon and water-soluble substances of dark brown soil. The effect of the optical properties of Hu's rich mass fraction on the difference between E4 / E6 and log K value is discussed. The results showed that the total organic carbon of dark brown soil could be mineralized easily by the measures of leisure cultivation, but it could promote the increase of water soluble substance and its proportion in total organic carbon. The PM-HPE model had the best effect on the storage of water-soluble substances. The planting zone of dense planting maize under leisure cultivation consumed the content of water-soluble substances, so that more water-soluble substances could exist in fallow zone. (2) Recreation cultivation was more favorable to the consumption of Hu Min acid mass fraction and accumulation of fulvic acid component in dark brown soil, which increased its humus activity. Low quality. Moderate fallow tillage can alleviate the loss of relative proportion of Hu Min acid to some extent, and is more conducive to the stability of humus quality. Fallow tillage is conducive to the simplification of humus structure, and in the planting zone. There is a tendency of further condensation of fulvic acid molecules in dark brown soil. High light efficiency culture promoted the mineralization and decomposition of humin by microorganisms.
【作者单位】：吉林农业科技学院;磐石市明城镇农业站;吉林农业大学;
【基金】：吉林市科技计划项目(201464039) 吉林省教育厅“十二五”科学技术研究项目(吉教科合字[2015]第375号) 国家自然科学基金项目(41401251) 吉林农业科技学院重点学科培育项目(吉农院合字[2015]第X004号)
【分类号】：S513;S153.622
【正文快照】： 1)吉林市科技计划项目(201464039);吉林省教育厅“十二五”科学技术研究项目(吉教科合字[2015]第375号);国家自然科学基金项目(41401251);吉林农业科技学院重点学科培育项目(吉农院合字[2015]第X004号)。dousen1959@126.com。Short-term Effect of Different Corn Cultivation

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