华北地区地膜残留及典型覆膜作物残膜系数

发布时间：2018-01-05 19:43

本文关键词：华北地区地膜残留及典型覆膜作物残膜系数　出处：《农业工程学报》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为阐明华北地区残膜污染现状及当年地膜残留系数,2008-2011年采用问卷调查及样方检测方法对华北地区主要作物的地膜残留状况进行系统调查,在此基础上2011-2014年通过定点试验监测方法研究典型覆膜作物(花生、棉花)的地膜残留系数。结果表明:华北地区土壤耕层地膜残留强度分布范围为0.2~82.2 kg/hm2,其平均值为26.8 kg/hm2。区域内不同作物和不同省份间地膜残留强度存在显著差异(P0.05),花生和棉花地膜残留强度较高,分别为32.0和31.8 kg/hm2;华北地区所有省份中,河北省农田地膜残留强度最高,为36.8 kg/hm2。2011年,华北地区农田地膜残留总量为14.8万t,其中地膜残留总量居前3位的作物是蔬菜(5.5万t)、棉花(3.9万t)、花生(3.0万t),占残膜总量的83.8%。3 a的地膜残留系数定点监测试验结果表明,花生和棉花的地膜残留系数分别为9.7%和14.3%,如果一直沿用目前的地膜使用模式,预计到2021年,花生地和棉田的地膜残留强度将会达到69.1和70.4 kg/hm2,超过国家农田残膜限值标准,成为残膜污染区域。研究可为华北地区残膜防治提供参考。
[Abstract]:In order to elucidate the present situation of residual film contamination in North China and the residual coefficient of plastic film in the current year, a systematic investigation was carried out on the plastic film residue status of main crops in North China by means of questionnaire survey and sample square test method from 2008 to 2011. Based on this, the typical plastic mulching crops (peanut) were studied by fixed-point experiment and monitoring method in 2011-2014. The results showed that the distribution range of the residual strength of plastic film in the topsoil layer of North China was 0.2 ~ 82.2 kg/hm2. The average value was 26.8 kg 路hm ~ (2) 路hm ~ (2). There was significant difference in the residual intensity of plastic film between different crops and different provinces in the region (P 0.05), and the residual strength of plastic film in peanut and cotton was higher. 32.0 kg / hm 2 and 31.8 kg / hm 2; Of all the provinces in North China, Hebei Province had the highest residual intensity of farmland mulching film, which was 36.8 kg/hm2.2011 years, and the total residual amount of farmland mulching film in North China was 148,000 tons. Among them, vegetable (55,000 t), cotton (39,000 t) and peanut (30,000 t) were the top three crops in the total amount of plastic film residue. The results showed that the residual coefficient of plastic film in peanut and cotton were 9.7% and 14.3%, respectively, which accounted for 83.83.3a of the total residual film. If the current plastic film use pattern is used, it is estimated that by 2021, the residual strength of plastic film in peanut field and cotton field will reach 69.1 and 70.4 kg/hm2. The study can provide a reference for the prevention and control of residual film in North China.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部面源污染控制重点实验室;云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所;北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所;山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所;天津市农业环境保护管理监测站;河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所;
【基金】：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003014)
【分类号】：X712
【正文快照】： 6.河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,石家庄050051)张丹,胡万里,刘宏斌,杜连凤,徐钰,成振华,孙世友,王洪媛.华北地区地膜残留及典型覆膜作物残膜系数[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(3):1-5.doi:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.03.001 http://www.tcsae.orgZhang Dan,Hu Wanli,L

【相似文献】