废弃菌糠资源化过程中的成分变化规律及其环境影响

发布时间：2018-01-07 12:00

本文关键词：废弃菌糠资源化过程中的成分变化规律及其环境影响　出处：《环境科学》2016年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：针对废弃菌糠的循环利用工艺,选取杏鲍菇菌糠、平菇菌糠、菌糠有机肥等具有阶段代表性的样品,测定其营养组分、元素含量,分析菌糠在连续栽培和废弃菌糠堆肥处置过程中成分的变化,同时分析了菌糠/菌糠有机肥的重金属环境风险评估及淋溶状态下对环境可能的影响.结果表明,连续栽培后菌糠中水分下降13.8%,蛋白质、糖类则分别上升32.9%和20.4%,仍剩余大量营养物质;废菌糠堆肥后蛋白质、糖类分别下降50%和79%,木质素、纤维素、半纤维素无明显变化,C/N比下降,总腐殖酸量增加18.6%.通过重金属含量的测定,确定菌糠/菌糠有机肥中的As、Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr等重金属指标均低于我国《NY525-2012有机肥料》的限值标准.菌糠/菌糠有机肥所含氮、磷、有机物均有淋出趋势,其中有机肥的氮、有机物淋失累积量相比菌糠下降15.0%和62.8%.
[Abstract]:In the process the use of WMFC cycle, select eryngiibacterial chaff, mushroom bran, WMLE organic fertilizer with sample stage, determination of its nutritional composition, element content, analysis of the changes of WMLE in continuous cultivation and WMFC Composting Disposal Process composition, analysis of mushroom bran / bacteria bran organic fertilizer and leaching of heavy metals in the environment risk assessment of the possible environmental effects under the condition of the same time. The results showed that 13.8%, decreased water WMLE in continuous cultivation of protein, carbohydrates were increased by 32.9% and 20.4%, still a large number of the remaining nutrients; waste WMLE after composting of protein, carbohydrates were decreased by 50% and 79%, wood pigment, cellulose, hemicellulose had no obvious change, C/N ratio decreased, the total humic acid increase 18.6%. by determination of heavy metal content, determination of WMLE / WMLE organic fertilizer of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr and other heavy metals were lower than China's organic standard. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in mushroom bran and mushroom bran organic fertilizer all had a trend of leaching. Among them, the accumulation of nitrogen and organic matter leaching of organic manure decreased by 15% and 62.8%. compared with that of bacterial bran.

【作者单位】：浙江大学环境工程系;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC16B03)
【分类号】：X712
【正文快照】： 我国是世界上最大的食用菌生产国,每年产量达2 260万t,约占世界总产量的75%以上[1].为了保证出菇效率和成本,流水线化的生产常在食用菌成熟收获后,将不再具备生产能力的废弃菌糠舍弃[2].由于我国正逐步形成规模化和产业化的食用菌生产,废弃菌糠的数量也正在急剧增加[3].传统的

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