木质素磺酸铁肥研制及其对花生的施用效果

发布时间：2018-01-19 21:05

本文关键词： 木质素磺酸铁铁肥花生铁营养　出处：《中国农业科技导报》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：铁是植物生长必需的微量营养元素,缺铁影响作物产量和品质,降低植物性膳食中铁含量。施用铁肥是解决作物缺铁的有效措施之一。以作物秸秆亚铵法造纸废弃物木质素磺酸盐(LS)为原料,通过四因素三水平L9(34)正交设计,研究木质素磺酸铁的生产合成工艺,研发木质素磺酸铁肥产品。以花生为试验作物,通过土培试验,研究木质素磺酸铁的施用效果。秸秆亚铵法制浆造纸废弃物木质素磺酸盐对铁具有一定的螯合性,木质素磺酸铁实验室合成生产过程中,各因素对产品中铁含量的影响顺序为:反应初始p H反应温度Fe2+用量反应时间,从而确定了木质素磺酸铁肥生产合成的最佳反应条件,制备了固体木质素磺酸铁肥产品,Fe含量为12.65%,p H为6.98。土培试验中,花生植株未出现缺铁失绿时,土施和喷施木质素磺酸铁、硫酸亚铁和EDTA铁对植株地上部生物量、花生产量及新叶中活性铁含量均无明显影响。但连续种植两茬后,不施铁肥处理的花生远杂9102出现新叶缺铁失绿症状,土施和喷施木质素磺酸铁可显著提高远杂9102花生新叶叶绿素含量(SPAD值),喷施提高了叶片中活性铁含量。木质素磺酸铁对花生缺铁失绿有纠正效果,与硫酸亚铁和EDTA铁相比,没有明显区别。以作物秸秆亚铵法制浆造纸废弃的木质素磺酸盐为原料,可用来生产木质素磺酸铁肥产品,土施和叶面喷施产品对纠正花生缺铁失绿效果明显。
[Abstract]:Iron is an essential micronutrient element for plant growth. Iron deficiency affects crop yield and quality. Reducing iron content in plant diet. Applying iron fertilizer is one of the effective measures to solve the problem of iron deficiency in crops. LSs (lignin sulfonate), an ammonium sulfite from crop straw, is used as raw material. The production and synthesis process of iron lignin sulfonate was studied by orthogonal design of four factors and three levels, and the iron fertilizer product of lignin sulfonic acid was developed. Peanut was used as the experimental crop, and the experiment was carried out through soil culture. The application effect of iron lignosulfonic acid was studied. The lignin sulfonate from straw ammonium sulfite pulping and papermaking process had certain chelating ability to iron, and in the process of synthesis and production of iron lignin sulfonic acid in laboratory. The influence order of each factor on the iron content in the product was as follows: the initial reaction temperature and the reaction time were Fe2, and the optimum reaction conditions for the production and synthesis of iron lignin sulfonate fertilizer were determined. The solid lignin sulfonate iron fertilizer product was prepared, the content of Fe was 12.65% and H was 6.98. In the soil culture experiment, the soil applied and sprayed iron lignin sulfonate when there was no iron deficiency in peanut plant. Ferrous sulfate and EDTA had no significant effect on the aboveground biomass, peanut yield and active iron content in new leaves. No iron fertilizer was applied to the new leaf of Peanut Yuanza 9102, and soil application and spraying of ferric lignin sulfonate could significantly increase the chlorophyll content and Spad value of the new leaf of Yuanza 9102 peanut (P < 0.05). Spraying increased the content of active iron in leaves. Iron lignin sulfonate could correct iron deficiency in peanut, compared with ferrous sulfate and EDTA iron. There is no obvious difference. The waste lignin sulfonate used in crop straw pulping and papermaking can be used to produce iron lignosulfonate fertilizer. Soil application and foliar spraying have obvious effect on correcting iron deficiency in peanut.
【作者单位】：北京市土肥工作站;中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所耕地培育技术国家工程实验室农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室;黑龙江省农业科学院;中国农业科学院研究生院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31372138;31071855) 国家863计划项目(2008AA06Z307)资助
【分类号】：S143;S565.2
【正文快照】： 铁(Fe)是植物生长必需的微量营养元素之一。铁在叶绿素前体的合成过程中必不可少,参与植物体内的氧化还原反应和电子传递。植物缺铁,叶绿素合成减少,新叶变黄;严重缺铁时,植株生物量和产量大幅度下降[1,2]。花生属于双子叶植物,容易发生缺铁失绿现象。在我国黄淮地区沙壤性土

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