喀斯特山区植被退化过程中的土壤质量变化及评价

发布时间：2018-01-25 21:30

本文关键词： 喀斯特山区植被退化小生境土壤质量退化典范对应分析因子分析评价　出处：《中国岩溶》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为构建喀斯特山区土壤质量评价体系,通过对喀斯特山区植被退化过程中的小生境土壤进行调查,选用土面和石沟2种代表性小生境的土壤作为评价单元,用典范对应分析从29个指标中选出16个,通过因子分析法对土壤质量进行定量综合评价。结果表明:在喀斯特森林植被退化过程中,用土面和石沟2种小生境面积加权计算土壤质量综合分值,能更准确地反映植被退化过程中土壤质量的阶段性变化,具体可分为3个阶段,不同阶段之间土壤活性有机碳、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效锰、有效硫和脲酶活性出现显著降低,有效铁、蔗糖酶活性和粘粒含量出现显著增加。第Ⅰ阶段内(原生林-次生林)各土壤指标在样地间没有明显的差异;第Ⅱ阶段(灌木林)土壤活性有机碳、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效硫、脲酶活性和有效锰含量相对第Ⅰ阶段平均分别下降了33.73%、22.41%、57.66%、37.72%、44.59%、46.57%和12.52%;蔗糖酶活性及土壤粘粒含量平均分别增加了81.38%和47.69%;第Ⅲ阶段(灌草丛)土壤速效磷、脲酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性和有效锰含量相对第Ⅱ阶段平均分别下降了42.82%、44.42%、28.45%和20.55%,土壤有效铁、粘粒含量平均分别增加了56.40%、57.49%,该阶段的土壤速效磷、速效钾含量已处于缺乏的水平,土壤质量明显下降。
[Abstract]:In order to construct the evaluation system of soil quality in karst mountain area, the soil of two representative microhabitats, soil surface and stone gully, was selected as the evaluation unit by investigating the microhabitat soil in the process of vegetation degradation in karst mountain area. Sixteen of 29 indexes were selected by canonical correspondence analysis, and the quantitative comprehensive evaluation of soil quality was carried out by factor analysis. The results showed that: in the process of karst forest vegetation degradation. The comprehensive score of soil quality can be more accurately reflected in the process of vegetation degradation by weighted calculation of soil quality by soil surface and Shigou niche area, which can be divided into three stages. Soil active organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available manganese, available sulfur and urease activities were significantly decreased and available iron was decreased in different stages. Sucrase activity and clay content increased significantly. There was no significant difference between the soil indexes in the first stage (primary forest and secondary forest). The soil active organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available sulfur, urease activity and available manganese content in the second stage (shrub forest) decreased by 33.73% 22.41% respectively compared with the first stage. 57.66 / 37.72 / 44.59B 46.57% and 12.52%; Sucrase activity and soil clay content increased by 81.38% and 47.69 respectively. The available phosphorus, urease activity, alkaline phosphatase activity and available manganese content in the third stage (shrub bushes) decreased by 42.82% and 44.42% respectively compared with the second stage. The contents of available iron and clay in soil increased by 56.400.57.49, respectively, in 28.45% and 20.55, respectively. The available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil were in the lack of level in this period. The soil quality decreased obviously.
【作者单位】：贵州大学资源与环境工程学院;中国科学院地球化学研究所/环境地球化学国家重点实验室;贵州大学农学院;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502300) 贵州省科技创新人才团队建设计划(黔科合人才团队[2013]4020)
【分类号】：S151.9
【正文快照】： 0引言南方喀斯特森林是一种特殊的森林生态系统,其顶级群落为常绿落叶阔叶混交林,系统组成和结构复杂,物种多样性和结构多样性较高[1]。由石灰岩、白云岩和含有其他杂质的碳酸盐岩类岩石发育的喀斯特森林土壤呈中性至微碱性,土体不连续,土层浅薄,土壤的剖面形态、理化性质等都

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