黄瓜花期高温热害对叶片光合特性和果实品质的影响

发布时间：2018-01-27 02:39

本文关键词： 高温黄瓜光合作用果实品质　出处：《北方园艺》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以"南杂系列二号"黄瓜为试材,于2014—2015年在南京信息工程大学农业气象试验站开展控制试验,设计3个日最高气温处理(36、39、42℃),以最高温度25℃为对照(CK),所有处理日最低气温设计18℃;不同处理设计持续时间1、3、5、7d;研究黄瓜花期高温对叶片光合特性以及果实外观品质和内在品质的影响。结果表明:各处理黄瓜叶片的光饱和点、最大光合速率、表观量子效率,以日最高气温42℃处理7d最低,分别较CK减少了59.6%、72.5%、70.1%,光补偿点则呈相反的趋势;在日最高气温36~42℃内,随高温胁迫程度的增加黄瓜的果质量、最小果径、最大果径、含水率均呈减小的趋势,39℃处理7d对果实外在品质影响最为严重,分别较CK减小了24.2%、20.9%、32.4%、1.4%;花期高温胁迫下,果实维生素C含量随胁迫程度的增加呈降低的趋势,39℃处理7d较CK减少了11.3%;可溶性糖含量则随胁迫程度的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势;果实可溶性蛋白质含量随处理温度升高和持续时间延长呈现出降低趋势;研究认为高温胁迫下黄瓜花期植株叶片光合能力降低,且随着高温胁迫加剧和时间的延长,其降低幅度逐渐增大,果实质量变小,果实可溶性糖含量升高,短期高温胁迫促进果实可溶性蛋白质含量的合成,随胁迫时间延长,可溶性蛋白质含量减少;该研究结果可为设施黄瓜的气温调控提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:"South miscellaneous series No. two cucumber, from 2014 to 2015 at the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology agricultural meteorological station to carry out the control test, the design of the 3 daily maximum temperature (36,39,42 DEG C), treatment with the highest temperature of 25 DEG C as control (CK), all the daily minimum temperature of 18 DEG C design; design of different treatment duration 1,3,5,7d; effects of cucumber flowering temperature on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality. The results showed that the cucumber leaves the light saturation point, maximum photosynthetic rate, apparent quantum efficiency, the maximum gas temperature of 42 C treatment respectively compared with the lowest 7d, CK decreased by 59.6%, 72.5%, 70.1% the light compensation point, werecontrary trend; in the daily maximum temperature 36~42, with high temperature stress increased cucumber fruit quality, minimum maximum fruit diameter, fruit diameter, water content decreased, 39 treatment effect of 7D on the external quality of fruit The most serious, compared with CK decreased 24.2%, 20.9%, 32.4%, 1.4%; flowering under high temperature stress, the content of vitamin C in fruit with the stress level decreased with increasing 7d 39 treatment, 11.3% less than CK; the soluble sugar content was increased with the stress level is low the trend first increased and then decreased; time and duration of soluble protein content in fruit with the increase of treatment temperature showed a decreasing trend; studies suggest that photosynthetic capacity decreased in Cucumber Leaves under high temperature stress and flowering plants, with prolonged high temperature stress increased and the time, the decrease gradually increased, fruit quality decreased, increased fruit soluble sugar content, promote the synthesis of short term high temperature stress the soluble protein content of fruit, with the stress time prolonging, the content of soluble protein decreased; the results of this study can provide reference for the temperature regulation of cucumber.

【作者单位】：南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心;上海市气候中心;
【基金】：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划资助项目(2014BAD10B07)
【分类号】：S642.2;S42
【正文快照】： 黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)是我国设施栽培主要作物之一[1],光合作用是绿色植物将光能转换为可用于生命过程的化学能并进行有机物合成的生物过程[2]。温度是限制光合作用顺利进行的重要因素,高温是设施黄瓜主要气象灾害之一,研究高温对设施黄瓜光合特性及果实品质的影响是揭示

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