牛场肥水灌溉对土壤nirK、nirS型反硝化微生物群落结构的影响

发布时间：2018-01-27 03:23

本文关键词： nirK nirS 反硝化细菌牛场肥水灌溉 T-RFLP 群落多样性　出处：《生态学报》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以徐水县梁家营长期定位施肥试验田为研究对象,利用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)分析和克隆文库构建,研究了5种施肥处理(清水灌溉CK、无机肥灌溉CF、牛场肥水不同浓度、不同次数灌溉T4、T5和T11)下土壤中nirK、nirS型反硝化细菌群落多样性及其群落结构的演变。结果表明,不同施肥处理下nirK、nirS型反硝化细菌群落多样性无显著差异,但群落结构却有明显变化:nirK型反硝化细菌群落结构既受施肥种类又受施肥量影响,优势种群尤其对施肥种类和施肥量响应显著;nirS型反硝化细菌则主要受施肥种类影响,施肥量影响微弱。牛场肥水处理和无机肥处理分别促进和抑制不同的nirS型反硝化细菌,群落主成分受无机肥促进、牛场肥水抑制。系统发育分析结果表明,土壤中nirK型反硝化细菌主要与假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、产碱杆菌属(Alcaligenes)和根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)的反硝化细菌具有较近的亲缘关系;nirS型反硝化细菌主要与劳尔氏菌(Ralstonia)和红长命菌属(Rubrivivax)有较近的亲缘关系。试验土壤中反硝化微生物多与目前已报道的好氧反硝化细菌亲缘关系较近,这可能与微生物分析取自表层土有关。
[Abstract]:The long term location fertilization field of Xushui County was used to analyze and clone library by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP). NirK in soil was studied under five fertilization treatments (irrigating CK with water, irrigating CFCs with inorganic fertilizer, irrigating with different concentrations of water in cattle farms, and irrigating T4N T5 and T11 with different times). The diversity of denitrifying bacteria community of nirS type and the evolution of its community structure. The results showed that there was no significant difference in diversity of denitrifying bacteria community of nirS type denitrifying bacteria under different fertilization treatments. However, the community structure of the denitrifying bacteria of the type of denitrifying bacteria was obviously changed, and the community structure of denitrifying bacteria was not only affected by the type of fertilization but also by the amount of fertilizer. The dominant population was especially responsive to the type of fertilization and the amount of fertilizer. NirS type denitrifying bacteria were mainly affected by the type of fertilization, but the effect of fertilizer amount was weak. Cattle farm fertilizer water treatment and inorganic fertilizer treatment promoted and inhibited different nirS denitrifying bacteria respectively. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the nirK type denitrifying bacteria mainly belonged to Pseudomonas spp. The denitrifying bacteria (Alcaligenes) and Rhizobium (Rhizobium) were closely related to each other. NirS denitrifying bacteria are mainly associated with Ralstonia and Rubrivivax. Most of the denitrifying microbes in the soil were closely related to the aerobic denitrifying bacteria reported so far. This may be related to microbial analysis taken from surface soil.
【作者单位】：农业部环境保护科研监测所;天津师范大学生命科学学院;天津大学化工学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371481) 国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD15B02)
【分类号】：S154.3
【正文快照】： 反硝化过程与土壤氮素损失和温室气体排放密切相关,是土壤研究中的重点问题[1]。反硝化作用致使土壤丧失20%—30%的氮肥,是土壤肥力下降的重要原因[2];反硝化作用还产生大量N2O,全球70%的N2O排放来自土壤[3],其中农业生态系统的排放量约占25%[4],是导致温室作用的重要因素;因

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