全国第二次土地调查前后中国耕地面积变化的空间格局

发布时间：2018-01-28 03:15

本文关键词： 耕地保护耕地面积变化空间格局全国第二次土地调查　出处：《自然资源学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：长期以来中国耕地数量受到国内外的高度关注,但是中国的耕地面积到底是多少,一直是个谜,特别是在耕地面积出现几十年持续下降的背景下,全国第二次土地调查结果居然比调查前多出了2亿多亩。论文利用全国第二次土地调查前后的耕地面积数据,从耕地总面积和不同类型的耕地面积两个维度,在不同空间尺度上,对耕地面积数据进行对比分析。研究表明:1)从区域尺度来看,"二调"多出的2亿多亩耕地主要分布在东北、华北与西北地区,其中东北地区几近一半,华南是唯一减少的区域;从省级尺度来看,26个省份耕地面积增加,以东北三省和新疆、内蒙古居多,京沪苏粤陕出现减少,尤以苏粤为甚;从市级和县级尺度来看,耕地增减空间集聚明显,耕地增加的地市和县市均以东北最为集中,耕地减少的地市以珠三角和长三角最为集中,耕地减少的县级单元以粤苏云三省最为集中。2)耕地的三种类型都出现增加,但旱地最多(53%)、水田最少(10%);水田和水浇地均"北增南减";旱地的增减主要分布在北方,且增减的空间分布都非常集中,东北增加较多,黄淮海平原减少较多。耕地分布重心的持续北移,加剧了水土资源的不协调性,从而影响耕地的质量,未来中国政府在高度关注耕地数量变化的同时,更应强化耕地质量的提高与保护。
[Abstract]:For a long time China cultivated land quantity by domestic and international attention, but the land area of China in the end is how much has been a mystery, especially for decades continued to decline in the context of arable land, the second national land survey is actually better than before the investigation of more than more than 200 million acres of cultivated land area. The data before and after the second land survey, from the two dimensions of the total area of cultivated land and cultivated land area in different types, different spatial scales, the comparative analysis of the data of cultivated land area. The results show that: 1) from the regional scale, "two" more than more than 200 million acres of arable land is mainly distributed in the northeast, North and northwest, including nearly half of the northeast, Southern China is the only region reduction; from province scale, 26 provinces cultivated area increased in three northeast provinces and Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia Province, Shanghai Su Yueshan appears to reduce, especially In order to Su Guangdong; from the municipal and county scale, cultivated land change and spatial agglomeration, city land increased in the Northeast are the most concentrated, the reduction of arable land to the city in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta is the most concentrated, the unit reduction of cultivated land in Guangdong provinces is set in Bacillus thuringiensis.2) three the type of cultivated land have increased, but in the most (53%), paddy field at least (10%); paddy field and irrigated land are South to North "; dryland changes are mainly distributed in the north, and the distribution of changes in the Northeast are very concentrated, more, more. Huang Huaihaiping continued northward to reduce cropland distribution center. Coordination exacerbated the soil and water resources, thus affecting the quality of cultivated land, the future Chinese government is highly concerned about the quantity of cultivated land at the same time, should improve and strengthen the protection of cultivated land quality.

【作者单位】：浙江大学公共管理学院土地管理系;中国土地勘测规划院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目(13AZD012) 浙江省软科学研究计划重点项目(2016C25002) 杭州市科技计划软科学项目(20140834M46) 国土资源部公益性行业研究项目(200811090)~~
【分类号】：F323.211
【正文快照】： 中国的耕地资源数量及其利用变化问题一直引人关注[1]。1978年以来,中国高速的经济增长与城镇发展,导致了大规模的建设开发,使得耕地以惊人的速度减少。耕地面积的持续缩减和人口规模的不断增加,使得人地矛盾日趋尖锐,中国是否能够满足国民粮食需求以及对全球粮食安全影响问题

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