辽东山区林参复合经营土壤质量评价

发布时间：2018-01-28 03:04

本文关键词： 林参复合经营土壤质量评价最小数据集模糊数学法辽东山区　出处：《生态学报》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：林参复合经营是辽东山区典型的林下经济模式之一,而林下参的生长对于环境条件要求很高,其中,土壤质量是制约人参生长的重要因素之一,并对人参产业的健康发展至关重要。目前,阔叶混交林、针阔混交林和蒙古栎纯林是辽东山区广泛分布的林参复合经营林分类型,选择3种林分下立地特征相似、人参种植年限不同的样地,测定土壤物理、化学和生物学因子共25项指标,采用方差分析、主成分分析、相关分析等统计学方法和专家经验法构建了林参复合经营土壤质量评价最小数据集(MDS),并利用模糊数学法对不同样地土壤质量进行了定量评价。结果表明,研究区林参复合经营土壤质量评价最小数据集包括容重、pH、有机质、速效K、全Zn、微生物量N、酸性磷酸酶和细菌共8项指标。此外,土壤质量值由高到低依次为针阔混交林对照样地(0.764)蒙古栎纯林对照样地(0.745)针阔混交林14a人参样地(0.614)蒙古栎纯林20a人参样地(0.385)阔叶混交林12a人参样地(0.361)阔叶混交林对照样地(0.354)阔叶混交林6a人参样地(0.323)阔叶混交林9a人参样地(0.308)阔叶混交林3a人参样地(0.230),说明林分类型特征和人参种植年限对土壤质量会产生不同程度影响。今后,在辽东山区林参复合经营发展过程中,可以该最小数据集为基础,充分考虑土壤质量状况,并适当进行管理,以保障人参健康生长,促进人参产业可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The compound management of forest ginseng is one of the typical understory economic models in the mountainous area of Liaodong, and the growth of the forest ginseng requires very high environmental conditions, among which, the soil quality is one of the important factors restricting the growth of ginseng. At present, broad-leaved mixed forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and pure Quercus mongolica forest are widely distributed in the mountain area of Liaodong. In this paper, 25 soil physical, chemical and biological factors were measured in three stands with similar site characteristics and different planting years of ginseng. The variance analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the soil physical, chemical and biological factors. Correlation analysis and other statistical methods and expert experience method were used to construct the minimum data set of soil quality evaluation of forest ginseng compound management (MDS). The results showed that the minimum data set of soil quality evaluation of forest ginseng compound management in the study area included pH of bulk density organic matter available K and total Zn. Microbial biomass N, acid phosphatase and bacteria a total of 8 indicators. Soil quality value from high to low was 0.764 for coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, 0.745 for pure Quercus mongolica forest and 0.745 for coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, and 0.614 for coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. Quercus mongolica pure forest 20 a ginseng sample land 0.385) broad-leaved mixed forest 12a ginseng sample land 0.361) broad-leaved mixed forest 0. 354) broad-leaved mixed forest 6a ginseng sample land (. 0.323) 9a ginseng sample plot 0.308) broad-leaved mixed forest 3a ginseng sample plot 0.230). It is concluded that the characteristics of stand types and the planting years of ginseng have different effects on soil quality. In the future, the minimum data set can be used as the basis in the process of compound management and development of forest cucumber in the mountainous area of Liaodong. In order to ensure the healthy growth of ginseng and promote the sustainable development of ginseng industry, the soil quality should be considered and managed properly.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院大学;辽宁省林业科学研究院;
【基金】：林业软科学研究(2014-R05) 中国工程院咨询项目(2013-XZ-22) 黔科合院士站(2014)4006
【分类号】：S714
【正文快照】： 土壤质量是指土壤在生态系统边界范围内,维持作物生产能力,保持环境质量及促进动植物健康的能力[1]。土壤质量是土壤多种功能的综合体现,对土壤质量进行评价,了解土壤的质量状况,可以为寻找土壤质量的障碍因素提供依据[2-4]。然而考虑到土壤质量评价目的和尺度的不同,以及土壤

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