6种温带森林凋落量年际及年内动态

发布时间：2018-01-29 22:49

本文关键词： 帽儿山森林群落凋落量动态　出处：《生态学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：森林凋落物量及其组分因生态系统结构特征和环境变化而表现出明显的时间动态,从而影响森林生态系统物质循环和生态服务功能。连续6年观测帽儿山地区6种温带森林凋落物量及组份的时间动态、温度和降雨量等气象因子,旨在深入了解该地区森林生态系统的物质循环过程及调控因子。结果表明:6种森林的年落凋落量差异显著,平均值依次为:蒙古栎林(4.60 t/hm~2)㧐杂木林(4.21 t/hm~2)㧐硬阔叶林(4.03 t/hm~2)㧐红松林(3.95 t/hm~2)㧐杨桦林(3.89 t/hm~2)㧐落叶松林(3.85 t/hm~2)。各森林年凋落量的年际变化表现为"升高-降低"交替波动模式,但总体上呈上升趋势。凋落物各组份的年际变化不同,枝凋落量变化较为稳定;叶凋落量与凋落总量一致,升高-降低波动明显;繁殖器官及其他凋落量随林龄增加而增加。各森林凋落物量的年内变化呈单峰曲线波动,最大值出现时间因林型而异。枝凋落量在年内表现为双峰曲线模式波动;叶凋落量年内呈单峰曲线模式波动,并与凋落总量年内动态一致;繁殖器官与其他凋落量年内动态波动平缓,无明显凋落峰值。降雨量显著影响年凋落物量(P0.05),分别解释了凋落总量、叶凋落量90%、87%变化。平均温度、积温和总降雨量显著影响凋落量年内动态,总降雨量的影响作用最为突出。因此,除林分自身的生物学特性外,降雨是影响该温带森林凋落量年内、年际动态的重要因素。
[Abstract]:The amount of forest litter and its components showed obvious temporal dynamics due to the structural characteristics of ecosystem and environmental changes. In order to affect the material cycle and ecological service function of forest ecosystem, the time dynamics, temperature and rainfall of litter amount and composition of 6 temperate forest in Maoershan area were observed for 6 consecutive years. In order to understand the material cycle process and regulation factors of forest ecosystem in this area, the results showed that there were significant differences in the annual litter of 6 species of forests. The average value is 4.60 t / h ~ (-1)? Heterwood forest 4.21 t / hm ~ (2)? Hard broad-leaved forests 4.03 t / hmf2? Pinus koraiensis 3. 95 t / hm2? Birch forest 3.89 t / hmf2? The interannual variation of annual litter in larch forest was 3.85 t / hmf2. The interannual variation of annual litter of each forest showed an alternating fluctuation pattern of "rising and decreasing". However, there was an upward trend on the whole. The interannual variation of litter components was different, and the variation of branch litter was more stable. The amount of leaf litter was the same as the total amount of litter, and the fluctuation of rise-decrease was obvious. Reproductive organs and other litter amount increased with the increase of forest age. The maximum appeared time varies with forest type, and branch litter fluctuates in a bimodal curve pattern during the year. The leaf litter volume fluctuated in a single peak curve pattern during the year, and was consistent with the annual dynamics of the total leaf litter. Reproductive organs and other litter amount fluctuated gently in the year without obvious peak value of litter. Rainfall significantly affected the annual litter amount (P0.05N) which explained the total litter amount and leaf litter amount 90% respectively. 87% change. Average temperature, accumulated temperature and total rainfall significantly affect the dynamics of litter in the year, and the effect of total rainfall is the most prominent. Therefore, except for the biological characteristics of the stand itself. Rainfall is an important factor affecting the interannual dynamics of forest litter in the temperate zone.
【作者单位】：东北林业大学生态研究中心;
【基金】：教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT15R09) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572014AA11)
【分类号】：S714
【正文快照】： 凋落物是连接森林生态系统物质和能量流通的桥梁[1],调节着森林生态系统与外界环境之间的碳交换,影响森林生态系统养分(特别是碳和氮)循环[2]。森林凋落量的时空动态决定了凋落物输入模式,更能反映出外界环境对森林生态系统结构和功能的影响[3]。因此,国内外学者已经进行了大

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