双台河口四种类型湿地土壤中的碳、氮含量垂直分布特征

发布时间：2018-01-29 22:36

  本文关键词： 土壤 碳 氮 盐沼 光滩 海水养殖塘 双台河口　出处：《湿地科学》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：2013年9月11日和12日,在双台河口的天然碱蓬盐沼、退化碱蓬盐沼、光滩和海水养殖塘中,分层采集0~100 cm深度的土壤样品,测定其有机碳含量、可溶解有机碳含量、全氮含量、铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量和碳氮比,并分析这些指标的垂直分布特征。研究结果表明,在天然碱蓬盐沼中,不同深度的土壤有机碳含量都显著高于其它类型湿地土壤(p0.05);除养殖塘外,其它类型湿地土壤有机碳含量总体上随着土壤深度增加而减小,养殖塘不同深度土壤有机碳含量差异不明显;天然碱蓬盐沼不同深度土壤的全氮含量都显著高于退化碱蓬盐沼和光滩土壤(p0.05),总体上,随着土壤深度增加,天然碱蓬盐沼和退化碱蓬盐沼土壤的全氮含量减小,养殖塘土壤的全氮含量波动变化。在0~10 cm深度,光滩土壤的碳氮比最高;养殖塘不同深度土壤碳氮比都较低。随着土壤深度增加,天然碱蓬盐沼、光滩和养殖塘土壤中的可溶性有机碳含量波动变化,且无显著差异;退化碱蓬盐沼土壤可溶性有机碳含量波动减小。随着土壤深度增加,退化碱蓬盐沼土壤铵态氮含量减小,养殖塘土壤中的铵态氮含量呈单峰曲线变化,峰值出现在30~50 cm深度土层;光滩土壤铵态氮含量波动减小。在土壤垂直方向上,各类型湿地土壤硝态氮含量都波动变化;与其它湿地类型相比,养殖塘不同深度土壤硝态氮含量都最低。
[Abstract]:In September 11th 2013 and 12th, soil samples at a depth of 0 ~ 100cm were collected from natural Suaeda salsa, degraded Suaeda salsa, bare beach and mariculture pond in Shuangtai Estuary. The organic carbon content, soluble organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, ammonium nitrogen content, nitrate nitrogen content and C / N ratio were determined. The vertical distribution characteristics of these indexes were analyzed. Soil organic carbon content in different depths was significantly higher than that in other types of wetland soil. With the increase of soil depth, the content of soil organic carbon in other types of wetland decreased with the increase of soil depth, but there was no significant difference in soil organic carbon content in different depth of culture pond. The total nitrogen content of the natural Suaeda salsa salt marsh at different depths was significantly higher than that of the degraded Suaeda salsa salt marsh and bare beach soil (P 0.05), as a whole, with the increase of soil depth. The total nitrogen content of natural Suaeda salsa salt marsh and degraded Suaeda salsa salt marsh soil decreased, while the total nitrogen content of culture pond soil fluctuated. At the depth of 0 ~ 10 cm, the carbon to nitrogen ratio of bare beach soil was the highest. With the increase of soil depth, the content of soluble organic carbon in the natural salsa salt marsh, bare beach and culture pond soil fluctuated, and there was no significant difference in the content of soluble organic carbon. The fluctuation of soluble organic carbon content in degraded Suaeda salsa salt marsh soil decreased. With the increase of soil depth, the ammonium nitrogen content in degraded Suaeda salsa salt marsh soil decreased, and the ammonium nitrogen content in culture pond soil showed a single peak curve. The peak value appeared in the depth of 30 ~ 50 cm soil layer; The fluctuation of ammonium nitrogen content in Guangtan soil decreased. In the vertical direction of soil, nitrate nitrogen content in all types of wetland soil fluctuated. Compared with other wetland types, the nitrate nitrogen content in different depth soil of culture pond was the lowest.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB430401) 国家自然科学基金项目(41301085)资助
【分类号】：S153.6
【正文快照】： 滨海湿地是介于陆地和海洋过渡带的特殊生态系统,具有季节或常年性积水和土壤发生潜育化等特征,初级生产力极高[1]。滨海地区特别是河口三角洲是人类活动的密集区域。在全世界范围内,为了缓解人口增长和生产发展导致的用地压力,大规模的围垦滨海湿地已经成为一种普遍解决方法,，

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