不同灌溉方式下3种土壤微生物活性测定方法比较

发布时间：2018-01-30 15:00

本文关键词： 灌溉酶活性土壤呼吸微量热　出处：《生态学报》2017年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：探究不同灌溉方式下土壤微生物活性,对维持土壤稳定和提高水资源利用效率具有重要意义。以沈阳农业大学长期定位灌溉试验基地为平台,采用土壤酶活性、土壤呼吸和微量热法,研究节水灌溉组覆膜滴灌、渗灌及对照组沟灌下的土壤微生物活性并比较3种微生物活性测定方法。结果表明:不同灌溉方式下土壤脲酶、转化酶、脱氢酶活性无显著差异,土壤呼吸在3个主要生长季也没有明显变化规律;而微量热法得到的热功率时间曲线呈现了典型的微生物生长特征趋势,覆膜滴灌的生长速率较大,且与沟灌的总热量、最大热功率相差不大。因此,从可持续农业观点出发,覆膜滴灌是保证土壤微生物活性较高的一种节水灌溉方式;微量热法也为传统方法下不易检测的微生物活性提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:It is of great significance to explore soil microbial activity under different irrigation methods to maintain soil stability and improve water resource utilization efficiency. Based on the long-term irrigation experiment base of Shenyang Agricultural University, soil enzyme activity was adopted. Soil respiration and microcalorimetry were used to study mulching drip irrigation in water-saving irrigation group. Soil microbial activity under infiltration irrigation and furrow irrigation was compared with three methods. The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil urease, invertase and dehydrogenase activities under different irrigation methods. Soil respiration did not change in three main growing seasons. But the thermal power time curve obtained by micro-calorimetry showed a typical trend of microorganism growth. The growth rate of mulching drip irrigation was larger than that of the total heat and maximum heat power of furrow irrigation. From the point of view of sustainable agriculture, mulching drip irrigation is a kind of water-saving irrigation method which can guarantee the high activity of soil microorganism. The microcalorimetry also provides a new idea for the traditional method which is not easy to detect the microbial activity.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院农业部东北耕地保育重点实验室土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31572206) 辽宁省农业科技创新团队项目辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划项目(2015051) 农业部产地环境质量重点实验室开放课题资助
【分类号】：S154.3
【正文快照】： 当前土壤微生物研究的重点是微生物群落结构与生态系统功能之间的联系,而微生物活性正是整合两者的纽带[1]。因此,准确、快速地测定微生物活性对于评价土壤微生物新陈代谢能力具有重要作用。土壤微生物活性即微生物代谢活力,可以用多种方法测定。传统测定土壤微生物活性的方法

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