高效溶磷菌的筛选及其促生效应研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 19:56

本文关键词： 溶磷菌溶磷量玉米促生增产　出处：《南京农业大学学报》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的]从大田玉米根际土壤初筛溶磷能力较强的菌株,通过盆栽和大田试验复筛出具最优溶磷能力的玉米根际促生菌。[方法]利用改良的PVK培养基定性筛选溶磷菌株,通过NBRIP液体摇瓶试验定量研究其溶磷能力,再通过盆栽和大田试验来确定溶磷菌的促生和增产效果。[结果]从玉米大田根际土壤中筛选出8株具有解无机磷能力的细菌,其中菌株NJAU-B8在PVK培养基上溶磷圈直径与菌体直径的比值较高,在NBRIP液体培养基中有效磷含量最高达到487.67mg·L-1。2季玉米盆栽试验结果表明,菌株NJAU-B8对苗期玉米生长促进作用优于其他菌株,其中第1季株高、茎粗、SPAD值、地上部鲜质量和地上部干质量较不接菌处理(CK)分别增加40.37%、18.74%、1.32%、46.67%和4.08%,而第2季则分别增加22.18%、2.02%、1.20%、16.26%和35.53%。另外除菌株B1,其他接菌处理株高均优于CK。大田试验结果表明:第1季玉米产量复合微生物肥料(BIO)与有机-无机复混肥(AOF)处理差异不显著,但BIO处理依然高于AOF和化肥(CF)处理;第2季白菜产量达到显著性差异;第3季BIO处理土豆产量分别比AOF和CF处理增产11.29%和26.41%。结合形态、生理生化特征和16S rDNA基因序列分析,将菌株NJAU-B8归类于伯克霍尔德属(Burkholderia sp.)。[结论]分离获得高效溶磷菌株NJAU-B8,其菌剂能够有效促进苗期玉米生长和增加玉米产量。
[Abstract]:[Objective] to screen the strains with strong phosphorus solubilizing ability from maize rhizosphere soil in the field, and to screen the maize rhizosphere promoting bacteria with the best phosphorus solubilizing ability through pot and field experiments. [Methods] the phosphate solubilizing strains were qualitatively screened by modified PVK medium, and the phosphorus solubilizing ability was quantitatively studied by NBRIP liquid shaking flask test. Pot and field experiments were used to determine the effect of phosphorus-soluble bacteria on growth and yield. [Results] eight strains of bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of maize field, and the ratio of the diameter of soluble phosphorus circle to the diameter of bacteria on PVK medium was higher than that of the strain NJAU-B8. The highest available phosphorus content in NBRIP liquid medium was 487.67 mg 路L -1. 2 season corn pot experiment results showed that the maximum content of available phosphorus was 487.67 mg 路L -1. The effect of strain NJAU-B8 on the growth of maize at seedling stage was better than that of other strains, including plant height in the first season and SPAD-value in stem. The fresh weight of shoot and dry mass of shoot increased by 40.37% and 4.08%, respectively. In the second quarter, the percentage of strain B1 was increased by 22.18%, 2.02%, 16.26% and 35.53%, respectively. The plant height of other inoculation treatments was higher than that of CK. the results showed that there was no significant difference between the treatments of corn yield compound microbial fertilizer bio and organic inorganic compound fertilizer AOF in the first season. However, BIO treatment was still higher than AOF and fertiliser BIO treatment. The yield of Chinese cabbage reached significant difference in the second season. The yield of potato treated with BIO in the third season was 11.29% and 26.41 higher than that of AOF and CF, respectively. Combined with morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16s rDNA gene sequence analysis. The strain NJAU-B8 was classified into the genus Burkholderia sp. [Conclusion: high efficient phosphate soluble strain NJAU-B8 was isolated and its fungicides could effectively promote maize growth and increase maize yield at seedling stage.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心/国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：国家863计划项目(2013AA102802) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(KYZ201519) 国家重点研发专项(2016YFD0800605,2016YFD0200106) 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(15)100606] 苏北专项(BN2015082) 青蓝工程资助项目南京农业大学SRT项目(1513A09) 江苏省高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(PPZY2015A061)
【分类号】：S154.3;S513
【正文快照】： 磷是限制植物生长的主要营养元素之一,施入的磷肥当季作物利用率为5%~25%。大部分磷与土壤中的Ca2+、Fe3+、Fe2+、Al3+结合,形成难溶性磷酸盐[1],因而大部分磷肥以难溶的无效态在土壤中积累。释放这些被固定在土壤中的磷对于提高土壤磷素有效性、减少磷肥使用量具有重要意义[2

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