不同降解菌对甲基毒死蜱及3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶酚的降解能力比较

发布时间：2018-01-31 15:19

本文关键词： 地衣芽孢杆菌荧光假单胞菌有机磷农药甲基毒死蜱 -三氯--吡啶酚降解　出处：《河南农业科学》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为掌握微生物降解甲基毒死蜱的特性与机制,首先从土壤中分离不同的甲基毒死蜱降解菌,然后对其降解效率、降解过程中中间产物3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶酚(TCP)的质量浓度变化、对TCP与其他6种有机磷农药的降解能力以及磷酸酯酶活性进行了测试分析。结果表明,分离到2株能高效降解甲基毒死蜱的菌株,经鉴定命名为地衣芽孢杆菌ZL-7与荧光假单胞菌ZHLXL-2,其降解甲基毒死蜱的5 d降解率分别为90.6%和99.4%;在菌株ZL-7降解甲基毒死蜱的过程中检出了TCP,而在菌株ZHLXL-2的降解过程中未检出。菌株ZHLXL-2能降解TCP,48 h降解率可达91.0%,而菌株ZL-7不能降解TCP。两菌株都能降解6种供试的有机磷农药,但菌株ZL-7降解率更高,其10 d降解率在92.1%~99.8%,菌株ZHLXL-2的10 d降解率为89.2%~93.4%;同时菌株ZL-7的磷酸酯酶活性显著高于菌株ZHLXL-2。分析表明,这2种菌株的磷酸酯酶活性与其降解有机磷农药的能力呈正相关性,而菌株ZHLXL-2因可有效降解中间物TCP,从而能更快地降解甲基毒死蜱。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the characteristics and mechanism of biodegradation of chlorpyrifos methyl, different biodegradable bacteria were isolated from soil, then the degradation efficiency and the intermediate product 3Q5 were analyzed. The degradation ability and phosphatase activity of TCP and other 6 organophosphorus pesticides were tested and analyzed by the change of mass concentration of 6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phenol. Two strains of chlorpyrifos were isolated and identified as Bacillus licheniformis ZL-7 and Pseudomonas fluorescein ZHLXL-2. The degradation rates of chlorpyrifos methyl in 5 days were 90.6% and 99.4 respectively. TCP was detected in the degradation of chlorpyrifos methyl by strain ZL-7, but not in the degradation of strain ZHLXL-2. Strain ZHLXL-2 could degrade TCP. The degradation rate reached 91.0% at 48 h, but the strain ZL-7 could not. Both strains could degrade 6 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides, but the degradation rate of strain ZL-7 was higher. The degradation rate of strain ZHLXL-2 in 10 days was 99.2% and 99.8% respectively, and the degradation rate of strain ZHLXL-2 was 99.2%. At the same time, the phosphatase activity of strain ZL-7 was significantly higher than that of strain ZHLXL-2.The analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the phosphatase activity of these two strains and their ability to degrade organophosphorus pesticides. The strain ZHLXL-2 could degrade chlorpyrifos methyl more quickly because it could effectively degrade the intermediate.
【作者单位】：四川职业技术学院建筑与环境工程系;
【基金】：四川省教育厅重点项目(13ZA0036)
【分类号】：X172;X592
【正文快照】： 甲基毒死蜱(O,O-二甲基-O-3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶基硫逐磷酸酯)是一种广谱型有机磷杀虫剂,它通过抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性,干扰害虫正常的神经传导,并导致害虫死亡[1]。甲基毒死蜱在世界范围内作为商品杀虫剂应用已有约40 a的历史,1975年其被联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织认可,推荐

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