基于arduino的土柱入渗性能在线检测装置研制与试验

发布时间：2018-01-31 13:20

本文关键词： 入渗土壤含水率土柱湿润锋在线检测 arduino　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：入渗是水分进入土壤的过程,入渗性能是表征土壤水分状况的重要参数。土壤人渗研究对于调节农田土壤水分状况、确定节水灌溉技术参数、调控降雨径流、保持水土、水资源规划设计及评价管理等方面具有重要意义。针对传统的土壤入渗性能测定方法在获取相关参数过程中需要工作人员全程参与、试验过程耗时长、试验工作量大、获取数据量少且精度不高等突出问题。因此,本研究发明了一种土柱入渗性能检测装置,研制了基于arduino的土柱入渗性能在线自动检测装置,通过理论分析和软件数值模拟,确定了主要结构参数,并对装置的检测精度进行试验验证,获得的主要结论如下:(1)根据人工观测土柱入渗试验的要求,提出了采用土壤水分传感器和压力应变式传感器来检测土壤含水率和累积入渗量的方法,并提出了利用土壤含水率检测值推断湿润锋位置的方法。(2)研制的土柱入渗性能在线自动检测装置主要由传感器位置调节装置、土样盛放装置、供水装置、检测模块、控制模块和上位机显示存储模块等部分组成。(3)本文通过3种类型的步进电机和行程开关实现了传感器位置调节和土样盛放装置回到初始位置的自动控制。选用arduino mega 2560和arduino Uno单片机开发板作为装置的检测和控制核心板,从而有效避免了装置控制、检测电路的接口和电路的干扰。开发了基于装置控制电路和检测电路的底层驱动程序,并使用LabVIEW软件开发了上位机显示界面,实现了检测数据的在线共享功能。(4)采用入渗水头为10 mm,容重为1.15、1.20和1.25 g/cm3的红壤土对该装置的入渗性能进行了验证。通过9组试验和18个检测位置的试验结果表明,1)该装置的运行可靠度达100%;2)与标准的烘干法相比,土壤水分传感器检测得到土壤含水率的最大相对误差为-4.4%;3)与人工观测的湿润锋位置相比,土壤水分检测值推断出的湿润锋位置的相对误差为12.8%;4)装置自动检测得到的累积入渗量与人工观测得到的进行对比,最大误差为1.2 g。因此,检测结果满足国家标准和入渗试验要求,该装置可作为土柱入渗的自动检测试验平台。
[Abstract]:Infiltration is the process of water entering into soil, and infiltration performance is an important parameter to characterize soil moisture. Water and soil conservation, water resources planning, design and evaluation and management are of great significance. Traditional methods for determining soil infiltration performance require the participation of staff in the process of obtaining relevant parameters. The test process takes a long time, the test work is large, the amount of data obtained is less and the precision is not high. Therefore, a soil column infiltration performance testing device is invented in this study. An on-line automatic testing device for soil column infiltration performance based on arduino is developed. The main structural parameters are determined by theoretical analysis and software numerical simulation, and the testing accuracy of the device is verified by experiments. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) according to the requirement of artificial observation soil column infiltration test, the method of using soil moisture sensor and pressure-strain sensor to detect soil moisture content and cumulative infiltration amount is put forward. The method of estimating the position of soil moisture front based on soil moisture content is put forward.) the on-line automatic measuring device for soil column infiltration performance is mainly composed of sensor position adjusting device, soil sample holding device and water supply device. Detection module. Control module and host computer display storage module, etc. In this paper, three types of stepping motor and stroke switch are used to realize the automatic control of the sensor position adjustment and the return of the soil sample holding device to the initial position. Arduino mega is selected. The development board of 2560 and arduino Uno single chip microcomputer is used as the core board of detection and control of the device. Thus, the device control, the interface of the detection circuit and the interference of the circuit are avoided effectively. The bottom driver program based on the device control circuit and the detection circuit is developed. The display interface of the upper computer is developed by using LabVIEW software. The on-line sharing function of the data is realized. The infiltration head is 10mm and the bulk density is 1.15. The infiltration performance of 1.20 and 1.25 g / cm ~ 3 red loam soil was verified. 1) the reliability of the device is up to 100; 2) compared with the standard drying method, the maximum relative error of soil moisture content detected by soil moisture sensor was -4.4; 3) the relative error of the position of wetting front inferred from the soil moisture detection value is 12.8b, compared with the position of the wetting front observed by manual observation. 4) the maximum error of the cumulative infiltration measured by the equipment is 1.2 g compared with that obtained by manual observation. Therefore, the test results meet the requirements of national standards and infiltration tests. The device can be used as an automatic test platform for soil column infiltration.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S152.7;S237

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