不同种植方式对盐碱土壤盐分变化及耐盐品种青麦6号耐盐生理特性的影响

发布时间：2018-01-31 20:02

本文关键词： 播种方式小麦全盐含量生理特性产量　出处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为明确适合盐碱地小麦的播种方式,试验以青麦6号为材料,以平播为对照(CK),研究不同沟播处理[沟播2行(T1)、沟播3行(T2)]对盐碱地小麦生育时期间不同土壤层全盐动态、叶片生理特性及产量的影响。结果表明,各处理麦田0~20cm土层的全盐含量均大于20~40cm土层,不同处理的土壤全盐含量均呈现先增长后降低的趋势,越冬期过后不同处理的土壤全盐含量随着小麦生育期的推进呈现上升的趋势,且不同土层的全盐含量均在小麦返青期达到最大值,沟播处理沟内土壤的全盐含量显著低于CK与垄上的土壤全盐含量,尤其是在返青期之后。沟播处理显著降低了小麦旗叶的MDA含量,表明了在盐碱地中沟播小麦的膜系统受损伤程度较低,此外还显著提高了旗叶的SOD和POD活性、游离脯氨酸及可溶性蛋白含量,较优的渗透调节物质提高了植物耐胁迫能力,有利于小麦灌浆的进行,促进小麦产量的提高。处理间穗数差异显著,穗粒数与千粒重差异则不显著,处理间产量差异达到了显著水平,沟播3行处理的产量显著大于其他处理,表明了沟播小麦产量的提升主要是通过影响小麦穗数来实现的。因此,沟内3行种植可作为盐碱地小麦的合理的播种方式。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the sowing mode of wheat suitable for saline-alkali land, the experiment was conducted with Qingmai No. 6 as the material and flat sowing as the control. The treatment of different furrow sowing was studied. [The effects of furrow sowing (2 rows T1, trench sowing 3 rows T2) on the total salt dynamics, leaf physiological characteristics and yield of different soil layers during the growth of wheat in saline and alkaline soil were studied. The total salt content in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer of wheat field was higher than that of 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer, and the total salt content of different treatments increased first and then decreased. The total salt content of different treatments increased with the development of wheat growth period after wintering, and the total salt content of different soil layers reached the maximum value in wheat green stage. The soil total salt content of furrow sowing treatment was significantly lower than CK and ridge soil total salt content, especially after the green stage. Ditch sowing treatment significantly reduced the MDA content of wheat flag leaf. The results showed that the damage degree of the membrane system of wheat seeded in salt and alkali soil was low, and the activities of SOD and POD, the content of free proline and soluble protein in flag leaf were increased significantly. The superior osmotic regulator improved plant stress tolerance, which was beneficial to wheat grain filling and wheat yield. There was significant difference in panicle number among treatments, but there was no significant difference between panicle number and 1000-grain weight. The difference of yield between treatments reached a significant level, and the yield of furrow sowing was significantly higher than that of other treatments, which indicated that the increase of wheat yield under furrow sowing was mainly achieved by affecting the number of spikes of wheat. Three rows of planting in the ditch can be used as a reasonable sowing method for wheat in saline-alkali soil.
【作者单位】：青岛农业大学山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室;
【基金】：青岛农业大学高层人才科研基金项目(6631116031)
【分类号】：S156.4;S512.1
【正文快照】： 土壤盐渍化是限制农业发展的主要非生物胁迫因素之一,如何使作物在盐碱地上稳产、高产,是我国乃至世界亟待解决的农业问题。中国目前有0.4亿hm2以上盐渍化土壤,占可耕地面积的25%以上[1-4]。伴随着人口的增长、工业的发展及不合理的施肥灌溉,次生盐渍化不断加剧,耕地面积持续

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