不同施肥处理对碱性设施土壤酸化的影响

发布时间：2018-01-31 20:21

本文关键词： 施肥设施土壤酸化 pH 超量阳离子　出处：《土壤》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为深入了解设施栽培中几种常见的施肥处理对碱性土壤酸化的影响,开展了长期定点试验。三茬试验结束后,各处理pHw(去二氧化碳水浸提测定)、pHCa(0.01 mol/L CaCl_2浸提测定)均显著降低,土壤发生酸化。U(底肥为尿素、过磷酸钙和硫酸钾,追肥为尿素)与CF(底肥为硝基复合肥(15-15-15)、尿素和硫酸钾,追肥为尿素)处理(两处理施入氮磷钾量相等)氮吸收量与超量阳离子吸收量总体无差异,使得U与CF处理两者间的pH(pHw与p HCa)总体无差异。有机肥添加可促进作物氮与超量阳离子吸收,使得10~20 cm土壤p H下降幅度显著增大,加强土壤酸化。由于土壤为碱性,酸化有助于改良土壤,目前无需采取措施抑制土壤酸化。
[Abstract]:In order to deeply understand the effect of several common fertilization treatments on alkaline soil acidification, a long-term fixed-point experiment was carried out. After three trials, the pH of each treatment was determined for ww (carbon dioxide removal by water extraction). PHCa(0.01 mol/L CaCl_2 extraction was significantly decreased, soil acidification occurred. U (urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate) was the base fertilizer. Top dressing is urea) and CFS (base fertilizer is nitro-compound fertilizer 15-15-15), urea and potassium sulfate. There was no difference between the nitrogen absorption amount and the excess cation absorption amount in the two treatments (the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium applied in the two treatments was equal). There was no difference between pH(pHw and pHCa between U and CF treatments. Organic fertilizer could promote the absorption of nitrogen and excess cations in crops. The pH of 10 ~ 20 cm soil increased significantly, and soil acidification was strengthened. Because the soil was alkaline, acidification was helpful to improve the soil, so there was no need to take measures to restrain soil acidification at present.
【作者单位】：中国科学院南京土壤研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD14B04)资助
【分类号】：S156.6
【正文快照】： 设施栽培极大地增加了农民的收入,现已成为我国许多地区的支柱产业。不同地区的菜农因为土地所有权不同、种植经验差别,也为了追求短期或长久的最大经济效益,养成了不同的施肥习惯[1 3],但均存在过量施肥的现象,使土壤出现不同程度的酸化与次生盐渍化现象[1,3 6],不仅制约了

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