畦灌与保水剂配施对杨树根际土壤微环境特征及生长的影响

发布时间：2018-02-02 06:25

本文关键词： 欧美I-杨畦灌保水剂根系分泌物微环境特征　出处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：【目的】探讨畦灌与保水剂组合对杨树根际土壤微生态环境与生长的作用效果。【方法】通过两年大田试验,研究了CK(常规畦灌)、BI_(60)(常规畦灌量60%)、BI_(30)(常规畦灌量30%)、BI_(60)S(60%常规畦灌量配施保水剂)和BI_(30)S(30%常规畦灌量配施保水剂)处理对欧美I-107杨树根际土壤中根系分泌物、理化特征、微生物数量及生长的影响。【结果】同CK相比,BI_(60)S处理显著提高了根际土壤中根系分泌物含量,其中有机酸总量和氨基酸总量分别高出15.13%和9.23%;BI_(60)和BI_(30)处理导致根际土壤pH值显著升高,而BI_(60)S和BI_(30)S处理则使对应的pH值呈下降趋势,其中BI_(60)S处理分别比CK、BI_(60)、BI_(30)和BI_(30)S处理显著降低0.21、0.48、0.66和0.26个单位。BI_(60)S处理显著提高了根际土壤中速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,分别较CK提高16.72%、23.98%和20.11%;同时,BI_(60)和BI_(30)处理会导致中活性和低活性有机碳含量显著降低,而BI_(60)S和BI_(30)S处理能显著提高其活性。BI_(60)S处理亦能显著提高根际土壤细菌数,放线菌数,真菌数和微生物量碳、氮含量,其中细菌数分别较CK、BI_(60)、BI_(30)和BI_(30)S处理高出11.93%、62.74%、122.28%和16.33%。此外,该处理使欧美I-107杨林分的胸径、树高和材积平均生长率分别达到了25.37%、23.59%和64.06%,并显著高于其他处理。与BI_(60)S处理相比,BI_(30)S处理对杨树根际土壤和生长的影响效果不显著。【结论】60%常规畦灌量配施保水剂更利于改善欧美I-107杨树根区微域的生态环境,有助于促进林分生长。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effect of border irrigation and water-retaining agent combination on the microecological environment and growth of poplar rhizosphere soil. [methods] two years field experiment was conducted to study the effect of CK (conventional border irrigation). Bike 60. The root exudates in poplar rhizosphere soil of I-107 in Europe and America were treated with 60% conventional border irrigation and 30% conventional border irrigation and 30% conventional border irrigation with water holding agent. Physical and chemical characteristics, the number of microorganisms and the effect of growth. [results] compared with CK, the content of root exudates in rhizosphere soil was significantly increased by BI60S treatment. The total amount of organic acid and amino acid were 15.13% and 9.23, respectively. The pH value of rhizosphere soil increased significantly after treatment of Bitix (60) and Bitig (30), while the pH value of rhizosphere soil decreased by BI_(60)S and BI_(30)S treatments. The treatment of BI_(60)S was significantly lower than that of CKBI and BI_(30)S (0.21 / 0.48), respectively. The contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in rhizosphere soil were significantly increased by 0.66 and 0.26 units. The contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in rhizosphere soil were increased by 16.72% as compared with CK, respectively. 23.98% and 20.11; At the same time, the treatment of Biac (60) and BI (30) could significantly reduce the content of middle and low active organic carbon. The treatment of BI_(60)S and BI_(30)S could significantly increase the number of bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and microbial biomass carbon in rhizosphere soil. The nitrogen content, the number of bacteria was 11.93% higher than that of CK-BI _ I _ (60) and BI_(30)S (P < 0.05) and the number of bacteria was 62.74% higher than that of CK-BI _ (60) and BI_(30)S (P < 0.05). In addition, the treatment made the average growth rate of DBH, tree height and volume of I-107 Yang Lin in Europe and America reach 25.37%, respectively. 23.59% and 64.06, and significantly higher than other treatments, compared with BI_(60)S treatment. The effect of BI_(30)S treatment on poplar rhizosphere soil and growth was not significant. [conclusion] 60% conventional border irrigation combined with water-retaining agent is more beneficial to improve the ecological environment of I-107 poplar root microregion in Europe and America. It is helpful to promote the growth of stand.
【作者单位】：德州学院;山东省林业科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31500513) 山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题“杨树超高产栽培关键技术研究” 山东省科技发展计划项目“山东省干旱瘠薄山地集雨造林关键技术研究”(2010GSF10621) 德州学院科技人才引进项目(311890)资助
【分类号】：S714;S792.11
【正文快照】： 在目前杨树的速生丰产林水分管理中,仍然大多以原始的漫灌方式为主,这不但容易造成土壤板结和通透性差等问题,进而抑制林木的生长,而且会造成水分严重浪费,并引起养分及水土流失,且加剧硝态氮的深层淋溶,严重危害生态环境[1 2]。同时,我国作为世界上严重的缺水国家之一,不允

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