蓄水多坑灌施下尿素在土壤中的运移转化特性

发布时间：2018-02-05 02:57

本文关键词： 蓄水多坑灌施尿素运移转化　出处：《灌溉排水学报》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为提高蓄水多坑灌施尿素条件下土壤氮素利用率和保护生态环境,通过室内蓄水多坑(土箱半径40 cm,高120 cm,蓄水坑半径16 cm,深度60 cm)物理模型试验,研究了蓄水多坑灌施下尿素在土壤中的运移转化特性。结果表明,土壤水分主要分布在地表以下20~80 cm,0~10 cm土层土壤含水率较小,同一土壤深度处蓄水坑壁附近土壤含水率大于0通量面处土壤含水率;同一土壤深度蓄水坑壁附近土壤尿素态氮量大于0通量面处的尿素态氮量,尿素的水解在9 d内基本完成,第7天水解最快,尿素水解与时间存在良好的对数函数关系;土壤铵态氮主要集中在40~60 cm土层土壤中,且r=20 cm处的量高于0通量面处的;而土壤硝态氮的分布趋势与铵态氮相反,随时间的延长,0通量面和r=20 cm处的土壤铵态氮质量分数均在40~60 cm和60~80 cm增幅较大,而土壤硝态氮质量分数表现出在90~100 cm湿润锋处增幅最大。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the soil nitrogen utilization rate and protect the ecological environment under the condition of water storage and multi-pit irrigation with urea, the indoor water storage pit (the radius of soil box is 40 cm, the height is 120 cm, the radius of storage pit is 16 cm) is adopted. The characteristics of urea migration and transformation in soil under irrigation with water storage and multi-pit irrigation were studied. The results showed that soil moisture was mainly distributed at 20 ~ 80 cm below the ground surface. The soil moisture content of 0 ~ 10 cm soil layer is small, and the soil moisture content near the water storage pit wall at the same soil depth is greater than that of the zero flux surface. The amount of urea nitrogen in the soil near the wall of the same depth storage pit was greater than the amount of urea nitrogen at the flux surface of 0. The hydrolysis of urea was basically completed within 9 days, and the hydrolysis was the fastest on the 7th day. There is a good logarithmic relationship between urea hydrolysis and time. The concentration of ammonium nitrogen was mainly in the soil layer of 40 ~ 60 cm, and the amount of soil ammonium nitrogen at 20 cm was higher than that at 0 ~ (th) flux surface. However, the distribution trend of nitrate nitrogen in soil was opposite to that in ammonium nitrogen, and the distribution trend of nitrate nitrogen increased with time. The mass fraction of ammonium nitrogen in the soil at 0 flux surface and 20 cm rn increased greatly in the range of 40 ~ 60 cm and 60 ~ 80 cm. However, the soil nitrate content showed the largest increase at the wet front of 90 ~ 100 cm.
【作者单位】：太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院;山西水利职业技术学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51409184) 山西省青年科技研究基金项目(201601D202070) 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20130402110008) 太原理工大学校基金项目(2013Z071) 企事业合作项目(ZNGZ2015-036)
【分类号】：S143.14;S275
【正文快照】： 李京玲,杨文慧,孙西欢,等.蓄水多坑灌施下尿素在土壤中的运移转化特性[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(6):31-35.0引言蓄水坑灌是针对我国北方地区存在的干旱和水土流失问题而提出的一种节水灌溉方法[1],主要适用于我国北方山丘区的果林灌溉。根据土壤水分运动状况,蓄水坑灌入渗可分

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