药乡小流域林地土壤有机碳和氮磷空间分布特征

发布时间：2018-02-12 04:26

本文关键词： 土壤有机碳空间分布普通克里格模型地统计学小流域　出处：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：药乡小流域是鲁中山区的典型区域,以药乡小流域林地土壤为研究对象,应用地统计学和GIS技术,研究分析药乡小流域林地土壤养分的空间分布特征,并探讨药乡小流域林地土壤有机碳与土壤全氮、全磷、碱解氮和有效磷的相关性,可为鲁中山区小流域林地土壤养分空间变异规律研究提供科学依据,同时对于小流域尺度上的土壤有机碳空间变异研究,定量评价森林生态系统的生态服务功能具有重要指导意义。主要研究结果:(1)药乡小流域5种林地土壤同一土层的土壤容重差异不显著。林地土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷0-10 cm土层的含量大于10-20 cm土层的含量,均为中等变异。(2)药乡小流域林地在0~10 cm土层,土壤有机碳与全氮、全磷和碱解氮呈极显著正相关,与土壤容重呈显著负相关,与有效磷相关性不显著;药乡小流域林地在10~20cm土层,土壤有机碳与全氮、全磷呈显著正相关,与土壤容重、碱解氮和有效磷相关性不显著;药乡小流域林地在0~20 cm土层,土壤有机碳与全氮、全磷呈极显著正相关,与碱解氮呈显著正相关,与土壤容重呈显著负相关,与有效磷相关性不显著。相关分析表明,药乡小流域林地土壤有机碳与土壤的全氮、全磷和碱解氮之间存在密切关系,与有效磷和土壤容重关系不密切。(3)药乡小流域林地土壤有机碳和氮磷元素空间分布特征:①药乡小流域林地土壤0-10 cm、10-20 cm和0-20 cm土层有机碳含量均表现出高强度的空间自相关性。药乡小流域东部和西北部积累了大量的有机碳,药乡小流域林地0-10 cm与0-20 cm土壤层的有机碳含量存在密切相关关系。从全方位来看,药乡小流域0-10 cm土层的有机碳含量分形维数最小,决定系数最大,表明有机碳含量的空间差异性大、为优势格局。②药乡小流域林地土壤10-20 cm土层全氮含量表现出中等的空间自相关性,0-10cm和0-20 cm土层全氮含量均表现出高强度的空间自相关性。药乡小流域中部和西北部积累了大量的全氮,药乡小流域林地0-10 cm与10-20 cm土壤层的全氮含量存在密切相关关系。从全方位来看,药乡小流域林地0-20 cm土层的全氮含量分形维数最大,表明全氮含量的空间差异性小、均一化程度越好。③药乡小流域林地土壤0-10 cm土层全磷含量表现出中等的空间自相关性,药乡小流域林地10-20 cm和0-20 cm土层全磷含量均表现出高强度的空间自相关性。药乡小流域西北部积累了大量的全磷。从全方位来看,药乡小流域林地10-20 cm土层的全磷含量分形维数最大,表明空间差异性小、均一化程度越好。④药乡小流域林地土壤0-10 cm土层碱解氮含量表现出中等的空间自相关性,药乡小流域林地10-20 cm和0-20 cm土层碱解氮含量均表现出高强度的空间自相关性。药乡小流域中部积累了大量的碱解氮。从全方位来看,药乡小流域林地0-10 cm土层的碱解氮含量分形维数最小,决定系数最大,表明碱解氮含量的空间差异性大,为优势格局。⑤药乡小流域林地土壤10-20 cm土层有效磷含量表现出中等的空间自相关性,药乡小流域林地0-10 cm和0-20 cm土层有效磷含量均表现出高强度的空间自相关性。药乡小流域北部积累了丰富的有效磷。从全方位来看,药乡小流域林地10-20 cm土层的有效磷含量分形维数最小,决定系数最大,表明有效磷含量的空间差异性大,为优势格局。
[Abstract]:Small watershed is a typical region in the mountainous rural medicine, to forest soil small watershed Yaoxiang as the research object, using geostatistics and GIS technology, analysis of distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in a small catchment of Yaoxiang space, and to explore the small watershed Yaoxiang soil organic C and soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrogen and phosphorus correlation and can provide a scientific basis for small watershed in mountain area of Shandong Province the spatial variability of soil nutrients at the same time, for the study of spatial variability of soil organic carbon content in small watershed scale, forest ecosystem has important guiding significance in quantitative evaluation of ecosystem service functions. The main results: (1) the soil bulk density difference of 5 kinds of soil Yaoxiang Small Watershed at the same soil layer is not significant. The soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content of 0-10 cm layer of soil above 10-20 cm, are moderate variation (2). Forest small watershed in 0~10 medicine cm soil layer, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, total phosphorus and nitrogen were significantly positively correlated, negatively correlated with soil bulk density, no significant correlation with available phosphorus; forest small watershed of medicine in the 10~20cm soil layer, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, total phosphorus was positively correlated with. The soil bulk density, nitrogen and phosphorus had no significant correlation; forest small watershed in 0~20 medicine cm soil layer, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, total phosphorus was significantly positively correlated, and nitrogen were significantly positively correlated negatively correlated with soil bulk density, no significant correlation with available phosphorus. Correlation analysis showed that total nitrogen in small watershed soil organic carbon and soil medicine, there is a close relationship between nitrogen phosphorus and alkali solution, not closely with available phosphorus and soil bulk density. (3) the distribution characteristics of small watershed forest Yaoxiang soil organic carbon and nitrogen phosphorus space: the small stream of Medicine The soil domain land 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 0-20 cm soil organic carbon content showed high intensity spatial autocorrelation. Eastern and northwest watershed Yaoxiang accumulated large amounts of organic carbon, there is close correlation between the organic carbon content of 0-10 cm and Yaoxiang small watershed forest 0-20 cm soil layer. From the full range of view. Small watershed Yaoxiang 0-10 cm soil organic carbon content of the fractal dimension of the smallest decision coefficient is the biggest show spatial differences in organic carbon content of soil, is the dominant pattern. The small watershed Yaoxiang 10-20 cm soil total nitrogen content showed moderate spatial autocorrelation, 0-10cm and 0-20 cm soil total nitrogen content showed a high strength spatial autocorrelation. Central and northwest watershed Yaoxiang accumulated a large amount of nitrogen, there is close correlation between the total nitrogen content of small watershed land 0-10 cm Yaoxiang and 10-20 cm soil layer from all directions to. Look, the small watershed forest Yaoxiang 0-20 cm soil total nitrogen content showed that the maximum fractal dimension, spatial difference of total nitrogen content of small, uniform degree better. The total phosphorus content of the soil in the small watershed of Yaoxiang 0-10 cm soil layer showed moderate spatial autocorrelation, the total phosphorus content of 10-20 cm and Yaoxiang small watershed forest soil was 0-20 cm showed high intensity spatial autocorrelation. The northwest watershed has accumulated a large number of rural medicine total phosphorus. From the full range of view, Yaoxiang small watershed land 10-20 cm soil total phosphorus content showed the highest fractal dimension, spatial difference is small, the homogenization degree is better. The small watershed soil 0-10 cm soil nitrogen Yaoxiang the content showed moderate spatial autocorrelation, Yaoxiang small watershed land 10-20 cm and 0-20 cm soil nitrogen content showed high intensity spatial autocorrelation. The small watershed in the accumulation of a large number of Rural Medicine N. From the full range of view, Yaoxiang small watershed land 0-10 cm soil nitrogen content of the fractal dimension of the smallest decision coefficient is the largest, show that the spatial difference of nitrogen content of large, dominant pattern. The content of 10-20 cm soil available phosphorus and soil small watershed Yaoxiang showed moderate spatial autocorrelation. 0-10 cm and 0-20 cm soil available phosphorus content showed small watershed forest Yaoxiang high intensity spatial autocorrelation. The northern watershed Yaoxiang accumulation of effective phosphorus rich. From the full range of view, Yaoxiang small watershed land 10-20 cm soil available phosphorus content of the fractal dimension of the smallest decision coefficient is the biggest show spatial differences in available phosphorus content the large, dominant pattern.

【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S714.2

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